These Timelines are a detailed look at the time and the influence of Cycles. Significant events of the decade are analyzed through Twelve categories that serve as a kaleidoscopic lens through time, (see the clickable links above), as well as the position of Cycles at the time, (see the clickable folder links in the upper left corner). You can read and link up and down vertically through this Timeline, or, you can go any Category and link horizontally to the same Category in other Timelines (links are provided at the head of each Category). This cross linking is designed to provide a fast and easy way to make reading fun and interesting.
See the go to Overview here link near the top for a brief look at Cycles for this decade.
See the Matrix links above left for navigating through all Overviews and Timelines by Time, Subject, or Cycle as described in Introduction to Part II).
Note to readers: Work from the Kala-Rhythm archives is being offered here in the Timelines for the first time. We are allowing a view into the Timelines now by posting both the finished and the unfinished pages of the Timelines as editing from our references continues. Unfinished pages (like this one) contain raw data from history sources to which we give credit in our "biblio/webography". Check back for updates to this and other pages.
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- James A. Garfield and
Chester A. Arthur are elected Pres and VP, respectively, on the Republican ticket
in 1880.
- The United State and China
signed an immigration treaty in 1880 which gave the US the right to "regulate, limit, or
suspend" (but not exclude) laborers from China.
- The Supreme Court
ruled on that it is unconstitutional to exclude Negroes from jury duty is unconstitutional
in 1880.
- The National
Farmers' Alliance, forerunner of the Populist Party, was formed in Chicago in
1880 to
unite farmers against discriminatory legislation.
- President
Garfield shot in railroad station in Wash DC on March 21, 1881. He died 11 weeks later, and
Vice-President Arthur
succeeded to the presidency.
- Senator Roscoe
Conkling resigned from office over a dispute with Republican administration over
the patronage issue. Conkling's Republican faction, called "Stalwarts," had supported
a third term for Grant in 1881, and it lost influence in New York politics when the state
legislature refuses to reelect Conkling.
- 1882 Congress
passed Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882, to bar Chinese laborers from entering the US
for ten years. Heavy immigration of cheap Chinese labor, mostly in California, had led to race
riots.
- The United States recognized
the independence of Korea and signed trade agreement in 1882.
- 1882 Congress
passed an act barring US entry to "undesirables" such as convicts,
paupers, and the insane and a head tax of 50 cents per immigrant was later increased
in 1882.
- Rivers and
Harbors Bill passed despite President Arthur's veto to authorize more than $18 million
for public works. in 1882.
- Grover
Cleveland was elected Mayor of Buffalo and then Democratic Governor of New York
in 1882 as he won a
reputation for uncovering political corruption.
- Congress
authorized the Secretary lf Navy to build three steel cruisers and a dispatch
boat in 1883 in a what is considered to be the beginning of the US Navy.
- Congress
reduced letter postage to two cents per half ounce in 1883.
- An Act of
Congress in 1883 established a Bureau of Labor in the Dept of the Interior.
- The Anti-Monopoly
Party joined with Greenback-Labor Party in 1884 to form the People's Party in
support of many liberal measures like the graduated income tax.
- Independent
Republicans, called "Mugwumps" (Indian word for "chiefs"), walked out of
the Republican National Convention in 1884 and refused to support Republican nominee James
G. Blaine, who they felt was corrupt. They backed the Democratic choice
instead.|
- Grover
Cleveland and Thomas A. Hendricks were elected President and Vice-President, respectively, on the
Democratic ticket in 1884.
- Land-hungry
frontier farmers sought the unassigned lands in western Oklahoma that were not
assigned to any Indian tribe in 1884.
- Apache Indians
under Geronimo and the Apache Indians left their Arizona reservation in 1885 to
wage war against the
whites.
- President Cleveland
recommended the suspension of the minting of silver dollars in 1885 on fears
that silver was
undermining the US Treasury's gold reserves.
- New President
Succession Act passed in 1886 providing that, in the event of the death, resignation, or
inability to serve of the President and Vice-President, the Cabinet officers in order of the
creation of their offices will succeed to the presidency.
- Apache Indian wars ended in the Southwest in 1886 when Apache Chief
Geronimo surrendered to General Nelson A. Miles.
- The House of Representative
defeated a bill in 1886 that would permit unlimited and free coinage of silver.
- The Supreme Court
ruled in 1886 that legal "persons" in the Fourteenth Amendment refer not only to
individuals, but to corporations, as well.
- The Statue of
Liberty, a fight of the French people, is dedicated in New York harbor in 1885
as a gift from the France. The sonnet
"The New Colossus" by Emma Lazarus was inscribed on a plaque at the
base of the statue.
- Congress passed the Dawes Act in 1887, to provide for the granting of Indian reservation land to
individual tribesmen.
- The US-Hawaii
treaty of 1875 was renewed and ratified in 1887 with an amendment to give the US exclusive
right to build a naval base at Pearl Harbor.
- The The Electoral
Count Act of 1887 made each state responsible for its own electoral votes to
avoiding disputed national elections.
- The The Hatch Act of 1887
granted federal aid for the study of agriculture in a state with a land grant
college.
- The US discussed control of Samoa with Britain and Germany 1887 as Germans claimed
right to islands. No
decision was reached.
- Kentucky and
Mass. adopted the Australian ballot system in 1888 where, for the first time,
voters marked a printed ballot in secret
in a curtained booth.
- Benjamin
Harrison and Levi P. Morton were elected President and Vice-President on the Republican ticket
in 1888. Although Democrat, Cleveland, had more popular votes, he received only 168 electoral votes to
Harrison's 233.
- The Union Labor
Party, Industrial Reform Party, Equal Rights Party, and Prohibition Party
nominated candidates for the Presidential election in 1888.
- Oklahoma, (Indian Territory) was opened to white settlers in 1889.
- Dakota
Territory is divided into North and South Dakota and admitted to the Union
as the 39th and 40th states in 1889.
- Montana
became 41st state in 1889.
- Washington
became 42nd state in 1889.
- First
Pan-American Conference met in Washington, DC, with the US and 17 Latin American
nations (with the Dominican Republic being the only one absent). The Inter-American
Organization,
later called the Pan-American Union, was established in 1890 to offer technical
and informational service to all the nations.
- The US, Britain,
and Germany concluded a treaty in 1889 that provided for the neutrality of Samoa and setting up
a tripartite protectorate.
| 1. Political 1880s |
Physical Cycle |
top |
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Physical Low |
(1873 - 1887) |
Contract
Labor Act of 1885 forbade the immigration of laborers under contract to work for
cost of transit. Exempted were skilled, domestic, and professional.
Congress
forbade unauthorized fencing of public lands in the West in 1885, as was
done by cattle and railroads
companies in vast areas for themselves.
| |
Physical 1st Qtr. Foundation |
(1873 - 1880) |
Congress established the US Dept of Labor
in 1888.
| 1. Political 1880s |
Emotional Cycle |
top |
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Emotional Low |
(1865 - 1883) |
Congress passed the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882 over President Arthur's veto to bar Chinese immigrants from the United States for 10 years.
The
Supreme Court declared Civil Rights Act of 1875 unconstitutional
in 1883 (except for
jury duty), stating the federal government can protect political, not social,
rights.
| |
Emotional High |
(1883 - 1901) |
The Supreme Court ruled
that interference with a citizen's right to vote is a federal offense in
1884 when Southern Negroes
who were prevented from voting by the KKK appealed to the court.
| 1. Political 1880s |
Intellectual Cycle |
top |
| |
Intellectual 3rd Qtr. Review |
(1885 - 1896) |
Government's first
regulatory agency,
Interstate Commerce Commission,
regulated all transportation and business extending
beyond state borders when Congress passed
Interstate Commerce Act in 1887 and the President established the
Commission.
Tenure of
Office Act of 1867 was repealed in 1887.
Kansas,
North Carolina, Tennessee, and Michigan passed the first antitrust laws in
1889. New Jersey
law authorized the incorporation of holding companies within the state,
and this state became the home of many large corporations.
| 1. Political 1880s |
Polyrhythms |
top |
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Physical
Low with
Intellectual
High |
(1873 - 1885) |
The Pendleton Act
in 1883 established Civil Service Commission to administer competitive
examinations for the selection of persons for federal jobs in order
to reform the spoils system by introducing a merit system.
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1881-1890 The currency base of the US declined some 60% as the old Civil War bonds are paid off. This led to panics and instability.
- Supreme Court
declared in 1881 that the federal income tax instituted in 1862 is constitutional (Springer v.
U.S.). Court said Congress never intended it as the direct tax that is prohibited in the
Constitution.
- A tariff in 1883 reduced
internal excise taxes on an average of five percent but protective tariffs
on most imports were retained.
- Lewis E.
Waterman, New York inventor, patented a practical fountain pen in 1884 which he manufactured
that
same year.
- The First self
service restaurant opened in New York City in 1885.
- American
Federation of Labor was founded at Columbus, Ohio, in 1886 as 25 trade unions participated.
Unskilled workers were not represented. Labor leader, Samuel Compers, was elected president.
| 2. Business & Economy 1880s |
Physical Cycle |
top |
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Physical Low |
(1873 - 1887) |
Congress
established the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) in 1887 to regulate the
railroads for the public interest.
| |
Physical Upward Crossover |
(March 21, 1887- March 21, 1888) |
Despite a population rise in Los Angeles from 10,000 in 1880 to 50,000 in
1890 and 100,000 in 1900, a severe real estate bust devastated most
of most of the wealth in 1887 and 1888.
| 2. Business & Economy 1880s |
Emotional Cycle |
top |
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Emotional Low |
(1865 - 1883) |
A depression in 1884 and 1885 caused in high unemployment, lower
wages and difficult conditions on the working class. This was
precipitated by the Emotional Crossover of 1883-84 exacerbated by the
Intellectual Crossover of 1885-86.
| 2. Business & Economy 1880s |
Intellectual Cycle |
top |
| |
Intellectual 2nd Qtr. Expansion |
(1874 - 1885) |
1882 Charles M. Bergstresser bankrolled a publishing venture with Charles Dow and Edward Jones and established the new agency known as the Customer's Afternoon Letter. Bergstresser dubbed it the Wall street Journal in 1889. Dow and Jones left the Kiernan New Agency to launch Dow Jones. Dow developed an initial stock average containing 11 stocks, which appeared in the Customer's Afternoon Letter, a 2-page bulletin that developed into the WSJ.
| 2. Business & Economy 1880s |
Polyrhythms |
top |
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Physo-Emotional
Dbl. 4th Qtr. Alternatives |
(1880 - 1883) |
The Progressive Movement in Industry follow the
far-reaching impact of the
massive
industrialization after the Civil War. Monopolies grew out of large manufacturing firms,
abuses by the rapidly extending railroad systems, the transformation of
skilled craftsmen into
factory workers; the increased mechanization of farms to increase production
which lowered crop prices, and the expansive growth of cities and the
problems they brought. Alternatives sought in the progressives
(so-called progressives whether they were Democratic or
Republican) were to make federal, state and local levels government more democratic
with legislation
to that benefits economic and social needs of the people.
The
Haymarket Square Riot in 1886 occurred in Illinois when Chicago police attempted to break up
a meeting of labor leaders who protested
unfair treatment of strikers. A bomb exploded and seven policemen and four workmen killed.
The issue of protest was the treatment of strikers the day before at the McCormick Harvesting Machine
Co. where seven policemen were wounded.
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- Dr. Schuyler Skaats Wheeler developed the two-bladed desk fan in the 1880s.
- A patent for the
electric flatiron was issued to Henry W. Seely
in 1882.
- Edison
patents a 3-wire electrical system in 1882 which is still in use.
- Silk
sutures replaced catgut thread in surgical operations in 1882.
- Smokeless
gunpowder was developed in 1884.
- William
Stanley, a New York engineer, invented the electric transformer in 1885.
- Statue of Liberty was lighted with electric arc lamps
in 1885.
- Charles S. Tainter, a Massachusetts inventor, designed the Dictaphone 1885 that records
dictation.
- James E. Keeler, Ill,
astronomer, discovers that Saturn's rings are made of tiny meteors pieces in
1886.
His telescope was built by Alvan Clark, a Massachusetts astronomer.
- The US Forest Service was established as the Division of Forestry, US Dept of Agriculture
in 1886.
Bernhard E. Fernow served as its first chief.
1886 Electric motors are installed on sewing machines.
- Bell develops
wax disks to use with a modified version of Edison's phonograph in 1886.
- Westinghouse
established the Westinghouse Electric Company and built America's first
commercially successful alternating current power plant in Buffalo, NY in 1886.
- Ives developed
a half-tone photoengraving process in 1886.
- Thompson
patented an electrical resistance welding process in 1886.
- Michelson-Morely
experiments discredited the luminiferous ether theory and showed that the speed of
light is a constant in 1887. This paved the way for Einstein's theory of
relativity.
- Berliner
designed an improved phonograph and developed a process for duplicating disk
records in 1887.
- Hannibal W.
Goodwin, New York clergyman, invented Celluloid photographic film in 1887.
- Bauxite, the source of aluminum, was discovered in Georgia in 1887.
- Pennsylvania
Railroad operated an electrically lighted train between Chicago and New York in
1887.
- Tesla invented
an alternating current induction motor in 1888.
- Angu
MacDonald, a Massachusetts engineer, led a crew that kept telephone lines in
service between Boston and New York in 1888 that kept lines of communication
open between these cities during the great blizzard.
- America's
first seismograph was installed at the Lick Observatory in California in 1888.
- Oliver Shallenberger invented a successful electric meter that measured alternating
current in 1888.
- Incubators were
used for premature infants in 1888.
- The first
Celluloid film in the US, "Fred Ott's Sneeze," was made by William Kennedy Laurie
Dickson in 1889.
- Charles M.
Hall, an Ohio scientist, patented an inexpensive process of aluminum production by
electrolysis in 1889.
- Hoagland
Laboratory opened in Brooklyn, New York to study bacteria in 1889.
- Nikola Tesla discovered the rotating magnetic field in 1882, which is the basis of nearly
all devices that use alternating current.
- Edison discovered that an electrical current can be sent through space in 1883.
This
"Edison effect," is the discovery that is the basis of electronics.
- Linotype
Machine invented by Ottmar Mergenthaler in 1884 was used commercially in 1886.
the monotype
machine was patented in 1887 by Tolbert Lanston.
| 3. Science & Technology 1880s |
Physical Cycle |
top |
| 3. Science & Technology 1880s |
Emotional Cycle |
top |
| 3. Science & Technology 1880s |
Intellectual Cycle |
top |
| |
Intellectual High |
(1863 - 1885) |
Edison patented a
magnetic ore separator in 1880.
Michelson
invented the "interferometer" that uses light waves to measure
distance in 1881. He published "Relative Motion of the Earth and the Lumuniferous Ether"
and suggested that luminiferous ether may not exist.
Bell
invented an electric probe for locating bullets in the human body in
1881. The probe
was widely used before x-rays are introduced.
William J.
Morton, a New York physician, used electric current as a form of medical therapy
in 1881.
Klebs discovered the bacillus (a rod shaped type of bacterium) that causes
diphtheria in 1883.
| |
Intellectual 2nd Qtr. Expansion |
(1873 - 1885) |
Bell invented the photophone, a device that transmits sound on a beam of light,
which he used
send the first wireless telephone message.
George Eastman patented 1st successful roll film
in 1880, and
perfected 1st "Kodak" hand camera in 1888, that popularized of
photography. This camera
was preloaded with enough roll film for 100 round photographs 2 in. in
diameter. After exposure, the film was returned with camera to the
factory that returned prints and a reloaded camera to the owner.
Othniel C.
Marsh, NY paleontologist, pubs "A Monograph on the Extinct Toothed Birds of
North America" in 1880 that claimed that birds evolved from reptiles. This concept
helped fill a gap in Darwin's chain of evolution.
Frederick
E. Ives, a Connecticut inventor, produced the first color photographs in
1881.
Thomson
and Edwin Houston patented a system of arc lighting in 1881.
First
lighted buoy was placed in New York harbor in 1881.
William B.
Curtis, weightlifting strongman, is reportedly hoisted 3239 lbs., with
a harness in 1885.
| |
Intellectual Downward Crossover |
(March 21, 1885- March 21, 1886) |
The Great Southwest Railroad
strike that began with walk-outs in 1885 that led to massive strikes went unresolved in such a
manner that it precipitated the
collapse of the Knights of Labor.
| 3. Science & Technology 1880s |
Polyrhythms |
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- The American Society of Mechanical
Engineers was established in New York City in 1880.
- Maxim invented
the Maxim machine gun in 1884.
- The Brooklyn
Bridge became the largest suspension bridge in the world upon its completion
from lower Manhattan to Brooklyn, New York. It is 1595 ft. long and cost $15 million.
- A glider flight was made by John J. Montgomery when he launched his glider from a 300 ft. hill near Otay, California
in 1884 to cover a distance of 600 ft.
| 4. Mechanical 1880s |
Physical Cycle |
top |
| |
Physical 1st Qtr. Foundation |
(1887 - 1894) |
Tolbert Lanston patented
the Monotype in 1887, a typesetting machine that casts one piece of type at a
time; he calls it the Monotype.
The first
successful electric trolley line was built by Frank K. Sprague in Richmond,
Virginia in 1887. Forty cars ran on 12 miles of track.
William S. Burroughs patented a commercially successful adding machine
in 1888.
Van Depoele patented carbon brushes for use in railway motors
in 1888.
The
Pullman
Car Company built an electric locomotive for hauling freight in 1888.
Artificial
straws for drinking were patented by M. C. Stone in 1888.
Electric
sewing machines were marketed by Singer in 1889.
The
Otis Brothers
installed an electric elevator in New York City in 1889.
| 4. Mechanical 1880s |
Emotional Cycle |
top |
| 4. Mechanical 1880s |
Intellectual Cycle |
top |
| |
Intellectual 2nd Qtr. Expansion |
(1874 - 1885) |
Thompson
patented a three-phase alternating current generator in 1880.
Hiram
Maxim invented a self-regulating electrical generator in 1881
The World's
First Hydroelectric plant, designed by Edison, opened in Appleton, Wisconsin
in 1882.
Edison
demonstrated an electric trolley that received its power from an electrified
"third rail" in 1883.
Frank H.
Sprague built a direct-current motor for use in
locomotives in 1884.
Ottamr
Mertenthaler patented a typesetting machine in 1884 that he
called Linotype because it casts one line of characters at a time.
Dorr E.
Felt invented the first adding machine that is
consistently accurate in 1884.
Telephone
wires were strung between New York and Boston in 1884.
The Electrical
Exhibition and National Conference of Electricians drew more the 280,000
spectators in Philadelphia in 1884.
Charles
Van Depoele invented an electric drill in 1885.
Weston
invented a magnetic speedometer in 1885 that is the forerunner of the modern automobile
speedometers.
| 4. Mechanical 1880s |
Polyrhythms |
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Carrie Chapman Catt was
appointed high school principal in Mason City, Iowa, in 1881 and she
went on to became one
of the first woman school superintendents in the country two years later.
| 5. Education 1880s |
Physical Cycle |
top |
| 5. Education 1880s |
Emotional Cycle |
top |
| |
Emotional 1st Qtr. Foundation |
(1883 - 1992) |
Mississippi
State College for Women became the first state-supported women's college
when it was chartered
at Columbus, Mississippi in 1884.
The first
classes begin at Barnard College for Women were held in 1889 when it was founded as part of Columbia University,
New York City.
| 5. Education 1880s |
Intellectual Cycle |
top |
| |
Intellectual High |
(1863 - 1885) |
Booker T. Washington, a former slave, organized and became president of the Normal
and Industrial Institute for Negroes (later Tuskegee Institute) in 1881.
Andrew Carnegie established Carnegie Libraries
in 1880 and went on to
donate 2,500 library buildings at a cost of $60 million in many English-speaking
countries. The libraries will be supplied and supported by
the communities in which they were built.
Melville
Dewey founded the State Library School in Albany, New York in 1887.
| 5. Education 1880s |
Polyrhythms |
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| 6. Religion & Spirituality 1880s |
Physical Cycle |
top |
| 6. Religion & Spirituality 1880s |
Emotional Cycle |
top |
| 6. Religion & Spirituality 1880s |
Intellectual Cycle |
top |
| 6. Religion & Spirituality 1880s |
Polyrhythms |
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- John W. Root,
an architect of the Chicago school, designed the 10-story, fireproof
Montauk Building in Chicago in 1882.
- Last part, the
capstone, is placed on the Washington Monument in 1884 which was dedicated in February, 1885 and opened
in October 1888.
- William LeBaron Jenney, a Chicago School
architect, designed the Home Insurance Company building, an
early skyscraper in 1885.
The
first skyscraper with an all steel skeleton was the Tacoma Building, designed by William Holabird, a Chicago School architect in 1889
- The Washington
monument is dedicated in 1995. It is 585 feet high and it costs $1.3 million. The top may be
reached by both an elevator and a stairway of 898 steps.
| 7. Arts & Design 1880s |
Physical Cycle |
top |
| |
Physical 4th Qtr. Alternatives |
(1880 - 1887) |
A major
departure from usual theater layouts came when Chicago School
architects, Louis Sullivan and Dankmar Adler, designed
Chicago's Auditorium Building in Chicago in 1886.
| |
Physical 4th Qtr. Alternatives |
(1887 - 1894) |
| 7. Arts & Design 1880s |
Emotional Cycle |
top |
| |
Emotional High |
(1883 - 1901) |
Architect H. H. Richardson
designed his works in with an emphasis on aesthetic affects in the
mid-1880s.
| 7. Arts & Design 1880s |
Intellectual Cycle |
top |
| 7. Arts & Design 1880s |
Polyrhythms |
top |
| |
Physo-Emotional
Dbl. 1st Qtr. Foundation |
(1887 - 1892) |
The "Shingle Style" of
architecture was popularized in 1887 by the design of the Low House
in Bristol, Rhode Island, by residential architect, Charles F. McKim,
La Farge
completed "Ascension," a large mural for the Church of the Ascension,
in New
York City in 1887.
| |
Emotional WHATEVER with
Intellectual WHATEVER |
(1885 - 1892) |
The art of stained glass windows
was revived by John Lafarges w work
"Red and White Peonies" in 1886.
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- Helen Hunt Jackson published "A century of Dishonor" about the mistreatment of the Indians in 1881.
- James Whitcomb
Riley poet was famous for nostalgic dialect verse in the 1880s and often called "The poet of the
common people." Riley was of simple origins and he would be elected to the American
Academy of Arts and Letters in 1912 and receive the gold medal of the National Institute
of Arts and Letters, as well as several honorary degrees. James published
"The Portrait of a Lady," a bestselling novel, in 1881, and he
published "The Bostonians" and "Princess Casamassima" in 1886.
- Inness's
painting "The Coming Storm" gains fame for its depiction of ominous clouds
in 1880.
- Joel Chandler
Harris used the American Negro dialect in his work "Uncle Remus: His Songs and His
Sayings" in 1880.
- Eakins painted
"The Swimming Hole" in 1883
- Winslow Homer
painted the seascape "Fog Warning" in 1885
- Frances E. H. Burnette,
an Anglo-American author, published "Little Lord Fauntleroy" in 1886
- Harrison Grey
Fiske, playwright, wrote and produced "Hester Crewe," which starred his wife, Minnie Maddern Fiske
in 1886.
| 8. Literature & Publication 1880s |
Physical Cycle |
top |
| |
Physical High |
(1887 - 1901) |
William Dean Howells,
novelist
and critic, is
the champion of literary realism, the dean of late 19th century American letter, and
a close friend and adviser to both Mark Twain
and Henry James in the 1880s. Realism prevails in a Physical High.
| |
Physical 1st Qtr. Foundation |
(1887 - 1994) |
- Clinton H.
Merriman, a New York physician, established the National Geographic Society and published the
first "National Geographic Magazine" in 1888.
| 8. Literature & Publication 1880s |
Emotional Cycle |
top |
| |
Emotional High |
(1883 - 1901) |
Sensationlist Journalism
prevailed when journalist
and publisher Joseph Pulitzer bought the "New York World" in 1883. Under his direction
crime stories, large headlines, comic
strips, strong editorials were marketed with emotional appeal that increased circulation
in the next 4 years from 20,000 to 250,000.
Sarah
Jewett, writer, pubs"A Country Doctor" in 1884. It is a novel about a New England girl's
desire to become a doctor.
| |
Emotional 1st Qtr. Fondation |
(1883 - 1901) |
Cyrus Curtis, editor,
founded "Ladies' Home Journal" in 1883.
"Life"
magazine was established in 1883.
"The Gophered
Grapevine" is short story by Charles w. Chesnutt that became the first
work by a black author to be published in "Atlantic Monthly" in 1887.1888 Bronson
Howard writes the Civil War Drama "Shenandoah,: his most successful play.
1889 John Brisben Walker founds "Cosmopolitan Magazine."
| 8. Literature & Publication 1880s |
Intellectual Cycle |
top |
| |
Intellectual 3rd Qtr. Review |
(1885 - 1996) |
Henry James master
of prose fiction, turned to themes of social reform, with his work "The Bostonians"
in 1886.
| |
Intellectual XXXward Crossover |
(March 21, 1000- March 21, 1000) |
ZZZ 8. LITERATURE AND PUBLICATION INTELLECTUAL CROSSOVER DATA
| 8. Literature & Publication 1880s |
Polyrhythms |
top |
| |
Physo-Emotional
High |
(1887 - 1901) |
"Casey at the
Bat" was a poplar ballad by Ernest Lawrence Thayer that was publicly recited for the
first time by actor DeWolf Hopper in 1888.
| |
Physo-Emotional
High with
Intellectual Low |
(1887 - 1901) |
Mark Twain
wrote
published
"The Prince and the Pauper" in 1881,
"Huckleberry Finn"
in 1884,
"Life on the Mississippi"
in 1883 and "A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court" in 1889
(after winning
worldwide fame with "The Adventures of
Tom Sawyer" in 1876). In these later works
he contrasted the
warmth of "down home" values against the aristocratic elite.
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Music meters all three of the
cycles. Upbeat ragtime melodies became a dominant force in American music
influence.
- The Boston Symphony Orchestra
was founded in 1881.
- Theodore
Thomas begin the Young People's Symphony Concerts in New York City in 1883.
- Tony Pastor
opens the Fourteenth Street Theater in New York City in 1881 an it was the first vaudeville theater to
feature family entertainment.
- Barnum and J. A.
Bailey created their circus, known as "The Barnum and Bailey Greatest Show on
Earth" in 1881.
- Army scout and
showman William "Buffalo Bill" Cody organized his first Wild West Show
in 1883.
- First annual
New York Horse Show opened at Gilmore's Gardens in New York City in 1883.
| 9. Entertainment 1880s |
Physical Cycle |
top |
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Physical High |
(1887 - 1901) |
John Philip Sousa,
wrote the military march "Semper Fidelis" for the
Marines in 1888, then composed
"Washington Post March" in 1889 with a very lively and vibrant use of a
robust orchestra.
| 9. Entertainment 1880s |
Emotional Cycle |
top |
| 9. Entertainment 1880s |
Intellectual Cycle |
top |
| 9. Entertainment 1880s |
Polyrhythms |
top |
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Physo-Emotional
Dbl. 1st Qtr. Foundation |
(1887 - 1892) |
Dancer
Loie Fuller originated the "serpentine dance"
which uses colored lights
and lengths of silk for effect in 1880.
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- United States Lawn tennis
Association was established in 1881 and the National championship was held in Newport, Rhode
Island. Richard D. Sears won the first men's singles title.
- Irishman Phil
Casey brought hardball to the US in 1882.
- National
Croquet Association was founded in 1882.
- First US
baseball championship was won by Providence of the National League at the Polo
Grounds, New York in 1884.
| 10. Sports 1880s |
Physical Cycle |
top |
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Physical1st Qtr. Foundation |
(1887 - 1894) |
Foxburg
Golf Club was founded in Foxburg, Pennsylvania in 1887. John Mickle Fox brought these games back
with him after seeing them played in Scotland using clubs called
"golf clubs."
The existing game of golf
emerged as an organized sport in the US by founding of the St. Andrews
Golf Club at Yonkers on the Hudson in 1888.
- First
safety bicycles were produced in quantity in 1889 and bicycling became very popular.
- Football coach Walter Camp
selected the first all-Am football team in 1889.
Boxing became
popular nationwide through with world bare knuckle champion John L.
Sullivan who toured the US giving exhibitions while using gloves under the Marquis
of Queensberry rules in 1882. The sport continued to grow as the Physical Cycle
rose and the last
bare-knuckle boxing took place in Richburg, Mississippi. between John L. Sullivan
and Jake Kilrain in 1889 as Sullivan won in 75 rounds.
| 10. Sports 1880s |
Emotional Cycle |
top |
| 10. Sports 1880s |
Intellectual Cycle |
top |
| 10. Sports 1880s |
Polyrhythms |
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| 11. Fashion 1880s |
Physical Cycle |
top |
| 11. Fashion 1880s |
Emotional Cycle |
top |
| 11. Fashion 1880s |
Intellectual Cycle |
top |
| 11. Fashion 1880s |
Polyrhythms |
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Boring numbers: Census shows a
US population of 50.1 mil, including about 2.8 mil immigrants in 1880.
- Philanthropist
Clara Barton established the National Society of the Red Cross in 1881.
- The first Labor
Day celebration is held in New York City in 1882. Peter J. McGuire, founder of the United
Brotherhood of Carpenters, suggested a holiday to honor working people.
- William Horlick of Racine, Wisconsin, produced the first malted milk
in 1882 as a mixture of the
extract of wheat and malted barley with milk.
- Knights of
Columbus began as a fraternal organization of Catholic men in New Haven in 1882.
- US and
Canadian railroads adopted four standard time zones in 1883 that were proposed by Charles F. Dowd of
the US and Sandford Fleming of Canada.
- A series of
tornadoes in the Midwest destroyed approximately 10,000 buildings and kill about
800 people in 1884.
- A large
immigration from eastern and southern Europe became known as the "New Immigration"
in 1885. In the years to come, many immigrants were Jews from Russia, escaping
persecution.
- The first
Tournament of Roses is held in Pasadena, California in 1886.
- Mail was
delivered free to all communities with a population of at least 10,000 in 1887.
- A Yellow Fever
epidemic in Jacksonville, Florida, lasted for almost 6 months in 1888. More than 4,500 cases
are reported and more than 400 person died.
- A blizzard on
the east coast that
paralyzed New York City in 1888
lasted for 36 hours. Some 400 people died, property damage
was extensive, and transportation halted as the city was cut off from the rest
of the world.
- Dam above
Johnstown, Pennsylvania broke when the Conemaugh River swelled from heavy rains. Four
towns are destroyed and Johnstown was under 30 feet. of water. Somet 2,300
people died.
| 12. Lifestyles 1880s |
Physical Cycle |
top |
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Physical High |
(1887 - 1901) |
Nellie Bly, a reporter for the New York World,
launched a round-the-world
trip in 1889. She beats the time of Jules Vern's fictional journey "Around the World
in Eighty Days" when she returned home in 72 days, 6 hours, 11 minutes, and
14 seconds.ZZZ 12. LIFESTYLES PHYSICAL CROSSOVER DATA
| 12. Lifestyles 1880s |
Emotional Cycle |
top |
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Emotional Low |
(1865 - 1883 |
American branch of
the Salvation Army was established in Philadelphia in 1880, but at first, the
it's
unusual missionary methods were resented. Only have the Emotional High was
this humanitarian organization appreciated.
| |
Emotional Upward Crossover |
(March 21, 1883- March 21, 1884) |
Twelve people were trampled to death in New York City on May 30, 1883 after a stampeded was triggered by a rumor that the recently opened Brooklyn Bridge was in danger of collapsing.
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Emotional 1st Qtr. Foundation |
(1883 - 1892 |
The first settlement house, the Neighborhood Guild,
was established in New York City in 1886 by Dr.
Stanton Coit. Settlement houses provided social services for poorer
residents of the cities.
| 12. Lifestyles 1880s |
Intellectual Cycle |
top |
| 12. Lifestyles 1880s |
Polyrhythms |
top |
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Kala. Chart horizontal
1870s