These Timelines are a
detailed look at the time and the influence of Cycles. Significant events of
the decade are analyzed through Twelve categories that serve as a
kaleidoscopic lens through time, (see the clickable links above), as well as the
position of Cycles at the time, (see the clickable folder links in the upper
left corner). You can read and link up and down vertically through this
Timeline, or, you can go any Category and link horizontally to the same Category
in other Timelines (links are provided at the head of each Category). This cross
linking is designed to provide a fast and easy way to make reading fun and
interesting.
See the go to Overview here link near the top for a brief look at
Cycles for this decade.
See the Matrix links above left for navigating through all
Overviews and Timelines by Time, Subject, or Cycle as described in
Introduction to Part II).
THE CHANGING SEVENTIES:
DOUBLE CROSSOVER YEAR
This was the year of crisis.
Both the Emotional and Intellectual Cycles crossed downward at the same time.
An investigation was ongoing into Watergate that led to the unprecedented
resignation of the President and other top officials. The economy
tightened up as the "recession of 1973-1974" began with falling stock prices and
business layoffs. The world wide energy crisis came with an Arab oil
embargo that drove prices up and put motorists in long lines for gas. If a
Crossover is a time of crisis, a double Crossover is at least twice as critical.
This happened three times in American history. To note how bad it can be,
the last time this happened was in 1929. Once in 1901, again in 1929, and
in 1973.
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The year began with America in a
position of strength and leadership in a brief Three-way High from 1971 - 1973.
Fourteen states restored the death penalty for tougher law enforcement.
Social movements were active and schools were burgeoning, but then times
changes. After the Double Crossover nothing would be the same. All
three branches of government saw castles crumble in the change. President
Nixon would become known as “The last of the big time presidents.”
The Watergate Break-in
was uncovered on June 17, 1972 after police apprehended five men for burglary.
At the Democratic Nation Committee headquarters at the Watergate apartment
complex in Washington, D.C. It was an attempt to obtain political
information and plant electronic bugs by members of the Committee to Reelect the
President, (CREEP). They later arrested two other members of the committee
and White House aides, G. Gordon Liddy and E. Howard Hunt. All seven were
charged on September 15 and five pleaded guilty on January 8, 1973 as the
Watergate burglary trial began. James W. McCord, Jr., and G. Gordon Liddy,
were found guilty of burglary and wiretapping on January 30th. The Senate
established a Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities on February
2nd to investigate the Watergate conspiracy. Sam Ervin served as chairman
and John J. Sirica was selected as trial judge.
Public Reaction Was Little
or Nil Before the Double Crossover. Complaints by Democrats during in
the 1972 election that President Nixon was involved with the break in were
effective. Nixon won reelection in a landslide. Then the
double Crossover of the Emotional and Intellectual Cycles began on March 21,
1973. Two days later on March 19th, a letter written to Judge Sirica by
James W. McCord emerged. It told of testimony under pressure, perjury and
implicated others higher than McCord. The whole "can of worms" broke loose
on March 21, 1973.
| 1. Political 1973-74 |
Physical Cycle |
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| 1. Political 1973-74 |
Emotional Cycle |
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| 1. Political 1973-74 |
Intellectual Cycle |
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| 1. Political 1973-74 |
Polyrhythms |
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Emo-Intellectual
Dbl. Downward Crossover |
(1973-74) |
“Watergate”
became a household word. Judge Sirica disclosed McCord's letter on
March 23, 1973. Conspiracy and scandal were revealed that involved more
key people including CREEP chairman John Mitchell, identified as the “overall
boss.” Now what the press had treated lightly and almost ignored by the
public, was a national crisis.
A String of Resignations Came From a Tumbling Cabinet.
President Nixon announced major developments resulting from his own
investigation on April 17, 1973. FBI director Patrick E. Gray, resigned on
April 20th after admitting that he following the advice of Nixon aides to
destroy evidence on Watergate. Other resignations came in on April 30th
from: Presidential Chief of Staff, Haldeman; domestic affairs assistant,
Ehrlichman; Presidential Counsel, John Dean, and Attorney General, Richard
Kleindienst. President Nixon made a public announcement about the
resignations, but still denied any knowledge of a cover-up. More
resignations came from White House associates including: John Mitchell, Maurice
Stans, Charles Colson, Jeb Stuart Magruder, Gordon Strachen, Herbert Porter,
John Caulfield, Anthony Ulasewicz, Robert Mardian, Donald Segretti, Herbert
Kalmbach, and Dwight Chapin. This kind of turnover was a monumental
incident in American history, but then, so is a Double Downward Crossover of the
Emotional and Intellectual Cycles.
Vice-president Spiro Agnew Resigned on October 10, 1973,
amid another investigation which brought charges of corruption. Republican
leader of the House, Gerald Ford, was sworn in as vice-president to fill the
place of Agnew. Castles were crumbling.
The President's Tapes Were Subpoenaed after a former
deputy assistant to the president reveled to a Senate Committee on July 16, 1973
that Nixon recorded all conversations in the Oval Office. A Senate panel
subpoenaed the tapes on July 23rd, but Nixon refused the subpoena by claiming
"executive privilege." This turned out to be a significant conflict
between the executive and judicial branches of government. Special
prosecutor for the case was Archibald Cox, named by Nixon himself in May, defied
the claim that the president could not be overridden by another branch of
government. Cox insisted that Nixon turn over his taped conversations with
aides. Nixon offered that producing a synopsis of the tapes could make a
compromise, but Cox refused. This classic conflict between the
executive and judicial branch was now over power, (Physical High), amid a
national crisis, (Emo-Intellectual Crossover).
“The Saturday Night Massacre” is what many people called
Nixon's response to the subpoena by Archibald Cox. Nixon ordered Attorney
General Elliot Richardson to fire Cox on October 20th. Rather than comply
with this order, both Richardson and his assistant, William Ruchelshaus,
resigned. Solicitor-General Robert Bork therefore fired Cox. A
flurry of protests resulted, 250,000 telegrams came to the White House, and
crowds marched onto the White House for a day and a night. Talk of
impeachment began everywhere. Nixon selected Leon Jaworski as the new Watergate
prosecutor on November 5th, but the matter grew across the country like
wildfire. It was Crossover time.
“I Am Not a Crook” was Nixon's infamous phrase during a
nationally televised speech on November 17, 1973. The president said,
"People have to know whether or not their President is a crook. Well, I'm
not a crook." The fateful speech turned out to have the opposite effect on
the public than the president intended, Nixon would later admit to a
"serious act of omission." The public was too agitated to pacify.
The Supreme Court Ruled Unanimously Against the President
on July 24, 1974, by refuting his claim that the executive office could not be
overridden, and deciding instead that executive privilege was limited.
Nixon released the tapes afterward, but they reported that two were nonexistent.
Another tape had an 18 1/2 minute gap in it. Nixon made 2,100 page
transcript of the tapes available to the public in 1974. The Downward
Crossovers brought on Double 3rd Qtr. Reform.
Watergate Hearings Were Conducted by a Senate Committee as
of May 15, 1974, and chaired by Senator Ervin. Questions arose about how
much the president knew, and when. Former White House counsel, John E.
Dean III, admitted to a conspiracy of a cover-up and implicated the president in
testimony that said Nixon authorized hush money to the seven Watergate
defendants. Abuses of power became unveiled such as the president's
"enemies list" that might target opponents of the administration with a hassling
IRS audit. They uncovered clandestine groups like the "plumbers" who
conducted illicit break-ins and wire taping. James R. Polk also reported
in October 1974, that the dairyman's fund paid $5,000 for the Ellsberg break-in
by channeling it through an unsuspecting group called People United for Good
Government. The entire scenario became much larger than anyone imagined it
would before the Double 3rd Qtr. began.
Trials of Top Officials Began on October 1, 1973.
Former leader of the White House "plumbers," Egil Krogh Jr. pleaded guilty on
November 30th to charges related to the break-in of psychiatrist Daniel
Ellsberg's office. Stans and Kenneth Parkinson were acquitted, charges
were dropped against Charles Colson who pleaded guilty in connection with the
Ellsberg break-in and Gorde Strachen was tried separately, but the others were
convicted and sentenced to prison by Judge Sirica. G. Gordon Liddy was
sentenced to twenty years on November 9th after refusing to cooperate with the
investigation. Hunt received 2 1/2 to 8 years and a fine of $10,000.
Haldeman, Mitchell, Ehrlichman were found guilty of perjury, conspiracy, and
obstruction of justice on January 1, 1975. Ehrlichman had already received
2 1/2 to 5 years for a civil rights violation connected with the break-in of
Ellsberg's office. Mardian was also convicted and Dean received 1 to 4
years for his participation in Watergate. The wrath of a double crisis as
it ushered in double reform was both swift and powerful.
Vice President Spiro Agnew Resigned on October 10, 1973
after pleading "no contest" to federal court charges that he evaded income taxes
and took illegal payments from a contractor while he was governor of Maryland.
The Justice Department in turn dropped all charges and levied a fine of $10,000
and three years probation. Agnew became the second Vice president to
resign from office, after John C. Calhoun who left for political reasons.
Two days later, Nixon nominated House minority leader Gerald R. Ford to fill the
position.
Articles of Impeachment Drew Wide Support. Public
opinion had moved against the president and was growing. Nine hundred
delegates to the AFL-CIO convention in Florida adopted a resolution asking for
Impeachment. Eighty-four members of Congress in the House sponsored
twenty-two bills for impeachment on October 23, 1973. The Senate approved
two articles of impeachment on July 27, 1974 and voted of 410-4 to investigate
the president. They televised impeachment hearings and the president was left
little recourse in the momentum of reform.
President Nixon Became the First American President in History
to Resign from office on August 9, 1974. Vice-president Ford was sworn
in as president, becoming the nation's first appointed president. Ford's
first official act was to grant Nixon a full and absolute pardon. The
momentum of reform directly opposed this and public reaction was filled with
anger and suspicion. It contributed to Ford's defeat in the next election.
Sweeping reforms continued through all levels of government.
The Democratic National Committee was awarded $775,000 in a civil
suit for damages related to the break-in. Democrats increased their majority in
the 1974 midterm elections. Post-Watergate scandals thereafter of any kind
were given the suffix -gate, (i.e., Koreagate, Irangate, etc.) and were many
more followed in the era of 3rd Qtr. Reforms.
The President's Campaign Contribution Scandal brought big
businesses under reform. Representatives of the Gulf and Ashland Oil
Companies pleaded guilty on November 13, 1973, to charges that they made illegal
contributions to President Nixon's reelection campaign fund. Commerce
Secretary, Maurice Stans, admitted the following day that illicit contributions
from major corporations were something of a norm. Testimony came from
Braniff International, American Airlines and Goodyear on November 15th that they
also made contributions of this type. Former cabinet members, John
Mitchell and Maurice Stans, and financier, Robert Vesco, were indicted on
November 15th, on charges that Vesco had illegally contributed $200,000 to
Nixon's campaign fund.
The President's Tax Scandal came after months of
investigation by a joint congressional committee on charges that involved the
president's tax payments. Nixon rendered payment on back taxes.
Nixon had released files to the committee and agreed to abide by its decision.
By his own admission, two deductions listed could be controversial. The
public reacted to learning that despite a known income of $200,000 a year, taxes
paid by Nixon from 1969 to 1972 were less than $1,000, equal to the taxes what
someone would pay making $15,000 a year. In accordance with the decision
of the committee a few days earlier, Nixon announced on April 3, 1974, that he
would pay $432,787.13 in back taxes.
A Viet Nam War Scandal Emerged amid all the controversy.
Hearings began with the Armed Forces Committee on July 16, 1973, amid charges
that the US had conducted secret bombings in Cambodia in 1969 and 1970 while
Cambodia was regarded as neutral. Secretary of Defense James Schlesinger
stated on July 17th that the 3,000 raids were fully authorized to protect US
troops. Pentagon officials admitted on the July 20th that they falsified
reports given to the Senate. Nixon halted bombing raids into Cambodia on
August 14th despite the veto of a congressional bill that would have halted
funding for the raids. The War Powers Act was subsequently passed over the
president's veto on November 7, 1973 that restrained the president's power
to send US troops into foreign nations for indefinite periods without approval
by Congress. In 1973, The US officially ended the military draft.
To View the Watergate Affair in Context, on might compare
it with a minor controversy from before. Nixon's integrity was questioned
over alleged improprieties regarding some 1950 Senate campaign funds. In
the 1950s, Nixon gave an emotional speech on national television afterward to
say he was fit to share the 1952 presidential campaign ticket with Eisenhower.
Nixon admitted to receiving a campaign gift, his dog Checkers. This, he
said, he would not give back. The announcement later became known as the
"Checkers speech." Although they proved nothing against Senator Nixon who
successfully defended himself, it is interesting that no Cycle was in the 3rd
Quarter at the time and public reaction was light.
Other
Reforms Began at the beginning of the Double 3rd Qtr. began. The
Endangered Species Act in 1973 forbid the government from supporting any
projects or activities that could be harmful to endangered species. Airlines
began screening passengers for weapons this year in response to hijacking.
Reforms of all type became the trend across the nation after the crisis.
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| 2. Business & Economy 1973-74 |
Physical Cycle |
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| 2. Business & Economy 1973-74 |
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| 2. Business & Economy 1973-74 |
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| 2. Business & Economy 1973-74 |
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Emo-Intellectual
Dbl. Downward Crossover |
(1973-74) |
The 1973/74 Recession
was the deepest we had seen since the last time the nation experienced a double
Crossover year, (in 1929). The Dow Jones Industrial Average fell from a
1973 high of 1051 with a low of 788, to a 1974 low of 590 with a high of 950.
The 1974 market had about a 50% drop. Federal budget deficits climbed to
$14.8 billion in 1973. Two of the three Cycles were low and declining
after 1973. Stock prices did nor rise above the 1973 high for eight years,
after the Phyiscal Peak. In economic changes from 1973 to 1974; the GNP
fell went from 12% to 8%, inflation rose from 7.6% to 13.9%, consumer prices
rose by 12.2%, electric rates rose 30%, unemployment rose from 4.9% to 5.6% then
reached a 33-year high of 9.2% in 1975. The Double Crossover brought
double recession.
The Energy Crisis came with oil the bloodline of our
machine age economy. American oil companies lost their grip to foreign
powers when a group of oil producing nations began an oil embargo on October 20,
1973. They raised the price of oil and cut production by 10%. Arab
nations then demanded that the US and its Western allies end their support for
Israel and that they pressure Israel into withdrawing from occupied Arab
territories. Israel had been at war with its Arab neighbors and the US was
Israel's greatest supplier of arms and technology.
OPEC raised crude oil prices 300% over 1971 levels. America
had been accustomed to a 3.7% annual increase in fuel prices since 1964, and was
importing almost half its oil. A worldwide recession followed the embargo
however and there was spiraling inflation with near zero economic growth.
Cutbacks came in transportation, heating and industry in America as well as
Western Europe and Japan. We had an additional 100,000 unemployed workers
in the US by the end of the year. We saw the first peace time gas shortage
in history and long gas lines formed at service stations across the nation.
Motorists were rationed gas based on their licence plate numbers.
Everything was different from just a year earlier.
President Nixon Signed the Alaska Pipeline Bill in
November 1973, to provide self-sufficiency for oil in response to the oil
crisis. The 789-mile line was to supply Alaskan oil across Canada and into
the contiguous states. The pipeline itself raised conflict however as it
eviromentalists opposed while others who needed the oil favored it.
A National Speed Limit Lowered Top Speeds to 55 Miles per Hour
in 1974 to save fuel. Daylight-saving time was Observed Year Round
to conserve on lighting and heating. Alternative Means of Energy were
Sought, such as geothermal, solar, and nuclear power. Car Sales
Were Down 35% from the year before. New Home Construction was down
40%.
Huge Profits Increased for Oil Companies Drew Public Ire and
Suspicion in January 1974. All of the major oil companies showed large
fourth quarter profits in 1973 and from 50% to 70% in the first half of 1974.
The world's largest oil companies also showed an average profit increase of 93%
in the first half of 1974, according to the Chase Manhattan Bank.
Americans suspected that the oil shortage was a falsehood created by profit
seeking oil companies. The mood of the nation was in crisis as well as the
economy. The Arab oil-producing nations met in Vienna in March of 1974,
and agreed to end their embargo. On March 18th, the Arab oil embargo ended.
A huge wave of reforms swept through industry as the shake up of
the Double Crossover began a Double 3rd Qtr. of Reform. As the double
Crossover of 1973 began, a series of reforms swept through industry. More
than just the oil companies felt the change as the end came to one era, and an
era of reform began.
The Antitrust Suit Against AT&T, Western Electric, and
Bell Labs in 1974 was reminiscent of the “muckraker days,” at the turn of the
century, (a previous double Third Quarter). It broke one of America's Huge
conglomerates.
Former United Mine Workers Pres. W.A. “Tony” Boyle was
Charged w/Murder in September 1973. The victims were Boyle's main
opponent in the UMW, Joseph A. Yablonski, his wife, and his daughter. This
was an isolated event, but its timing preceded the decline of labor unions
everywhere. Unions have seen declining membership and a loss of influence
throughout the Cyclic decline of 1973 - 1992. The power machine of labor,
the control of big industry, the affluence of the consumer, the framework of a
presidency, and mediators everywhere were at the end of an era, an end that
began in 1973.
Price Boycotts came in 1973 as 25% of all consumers
participated in them to oppose food producers. Groups like "Operation
Pocketbook" were set up and picket lines formed as consumers boycotted items
from sugar to beef.
The AFL-CIO Called for President Nixon's Impeachment in
response to the Watergate scandal, as nine hundred of its delegates adopted a
resolution at a Florida convention in 1973. Not only was government
seeking reform in business, business was seeking reform in government.
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| 3. Science & Technology 1973-74 |
Physical Cycle |
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Physical High |
(1971 - 1978) |
The
Technological Initiative in 1973 was in Defense.
The multiple accurate reentry vehicle, (MARV), which allowed accurate
multiple-missile guidance. As the Physical Cycle rose and the Emotional
and Intellectual Cycles fell, we shifted more toward defending space and less
toward just exploring the wonders of the heavens.
| 3. Science & Technology 1973-74 |
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| 3. Science & Technology 1973-74 |
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| 3. Science & Technology 1973-74 |
Polyrhythms |
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Emo-Intellectual
Low |
(1973 - 1991) |
The Manned Lunar Program
Came to an End in December 1972,
the last year of an Emo-Intellectual High. Other projects remained active
in 1973, however. Pioneer X, approached Jupiter and sent back detailed
pictures from within 81,000 miles of the planet's surface. Pioneer XI was
then launched in 1973 to fly by Jupiter and Saturn. The unmanned "Skylab I,"
launched this year but it had problems when its heat shield was ripped away
and its solar panels did not extend fully. "Skylab II" put aeronauts in
space for 28 days and docked with Skylab I to make repairs. Skylab III put
men in space for 59 ½ days. Nonetheless the push toward the moon came to an
end. Unmanned space launches received more of the attention after 1973.
Mariner X was also launched to fly by Venus and Mercury.
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Emo-Intellectual
Dbl. 3rd Qtr. Review |
(1973 - 1982) |
A 12-Point Patient Bill of
Rights Brought Reform to Medicine
after the American Hospital Association published it in 1973. A humanistic
shift of 3rd Qtr. Reform spread throughout.
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| 4. Mechanical 1973-74 |
Physical Cycle |
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| 4. Mechanical 1973-74 |
Emotional Cycle |
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| 4. Mechanical 1973-74 |
Intellectual Cycle |
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| 4. Mechanical 1973-74 |
Polyrhythms |
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Emo-Intellectual
Dbl. 3rd Qtr. Review |
(1973 - 1982) |
Ford Motor Co. was Fined $7
million for Violating the Clean Air Act
in 1973. Ford was charged with improper service on 1973 cars during
emission control tests. This was just at the beginning of the Double 3rd
Qtr. That would bring a trend of industrial reform.
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| 5. Education 1973-74 |
Physical Cycle |
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| 5. Education 1973-74 |
Emotional Cycle |
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| 5. Education 1973-74 |
Intellectual Cycle |
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| 5. Education 1973-74 |
Polyrhythms |
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Physical High
with
Emotional Low |
(1973 -1985) |
The U.
Of Miami Was the First College to Offer Women Athletic Scholarships
in 1973. As the
low Emotional Cycle declined (yin), and the high Physical Cycle rose,
(yang), many women focused less on "feminine" values, and pursued what had
been traditionally male roles. Women made advances in business, military,
and sporting careers.
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After the
downward Emo-Intellectual Crossover in 1973, religious enthusiasm slowed.
People were becoming more Physical, and more secular.
| 6. Religion & Spirituality 1973-74 |
Physical Cycle |
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Physical High |
(1971 - 1985) |
Yoga
Spread Across the Nation
in the high and rising Physical Cycle. Although Yoga involves ancient
methods of meditation, spiritual awakening, and teachings of divine forces,
the physical aspects of Hatha Yoga are what became popular. Yoga became
synonymous with stretching exercises. The practice of yoga first caught on
in California, then moved East as the nation shaped up in the coming fitness
craze of the 1970s and 1980s.
| 6. Religion & Spirituality 1973-74 |
Emotional Cycle |
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| 6. Religion & Spirituality 1973-74 |
Intellectual Cycle |
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| 6. Religion & Spirituality 1973-74 |
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| 7. Arts & Design 1973-74 |
Physical Cycle |
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| 7. Arts & Design 1973-74 |
Emotional Cycle |
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| 7. Arts & Design 1973-74 |
Intellectual Cycle |
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| 7. Arts & Design 1973-74 |
Polyrhythms |
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Physical High
with
Emo-Intellectual
Dbl. 3rd Qtr. Review |
(1973 - 1982) |
Nostalgia Came
with the Double 3rd Qtr. Review that began in 1973. We were looking back
with nostalgia, amid the period of reform. We cherished anything that
reminded us of for better times. We brought out old clothes, old furniture,
and old trinkets of the closets and attics and became part of the new
craze. The Music industry featured all of our favorite "golden oldies" on
new releases of old recordings in special collection sets heard on radio
stations nationwide. What was old, was new. As the Physical Cycle was
high, we valued objects more, and material things brought in more money. To
kick off this new trend in 1973, Jackson Pollock's painting, "Blue Poles,"
sold for a record $2 million this year. Even greater prices followed in the
3rd Qtr.
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| 8. Literature & Pub. 1973-74 |
Physical Cycle |
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| 8. Literature & Pub. 1973-74 |
Emotional Cycle |
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| 8. Literature & Pub. 1973-74 |
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| 8. Literature & Pub. 1973-74 |
Polyrhythms |
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Emo-Intellectual
Dbl. 3rd Qtr. Review |
(1973-82) |
Literature was Nostalgic in the Double 3rd Qtr.
The critic's choice this year selected "Franklin D. Roosevelt: Launching the
New Deal," by Frank Feidel; and, "Marilyn," by Norman Mailer. Soon, a
plethora of publications would follow to review the past.
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| 9. Entertainment 1973-74 |
Physical Cycle |
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Physical High |
(1971 - 1985) |
Music Changed in 1973.
The sixties ended, and the seventies began, this year. While a sixties
style Rock concert at Watkins Glen drew 600,000 fans this year, emerging
forms of Rock was of a genre that reflected the new Physical High.
A New Machismo Came Rock
in the Physical High. A leader of macho rock stars, Bruce Springsteen,
released his hit album "Greetings from Asbury Park," in 1973 This
blockbuster release from "The Boss," marked the rising trend more than any
other. While fifty rock stars were earning $2 to 6 million a year at this
time, earnings were shifting to new stars. Bruce Springsteen went on to be
a sensation in as the most masculine genre in Rock since Elvis. Goodbye
Tiny Tim.
Both Country Music and
Western Music Rose with the Physical Cycle. By 1973, most of the single
records sold were Country and Western. This was the biggest success for
these types of music since the 1950s, (previous Physical High).
Horror Became Popular in
Cinema, (Horror is Physical, suspense is Emotional, and mystery is
Intellectual). With the rise of the Physical Cycle after 1971, horror
films, as well as disaster films, were on the rise. The biggest moneymaking
horror film of its genre to date came in 1973 with, "The Exorcist," starring
Linda Blair. This horrific dealing with the dark world of demonic
possession may have been boosted by an Emotional Low.
| 9. Entertainment 1973-74 |
Emotional Cycle |
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| 9. Entertainment 1973-74 |
Intellectual Cycle |
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| 9. Entertainment 1973-74 |
Polyrhythms |
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Emo-Intellectual
Dbl. Downward Crossover |
(1973-74) |
New York Philharmonic
Orchestra Members Refused to Perform at the Inauguration
for Nixon's in 1973 because of their contention against his politics. Many
other entertainers used the stage to criticize the president during the
Crossover.
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Emo-Intellectual
Dbl. 3rd Qtr. Review |
(1973-74) |
Top Films of the Time Looked
Back as
review and reform came to cinema. “The Godfather” won Best Picture
at the Academy Awards in 1973. Marlon Brando was awarded Best Actor in this
blockbuster film that reviewed organized crime in America. “Cabaret”
was another huge success set in the past, for which Liza Minelli won Best
Actress. "American Graffiti," directed by George Lucas, was released
this year with a look at the 1950s and 1960s. Many in the film industry
have called it the film that began the 1950s and 1960s nostalgia craze.
Popular Television
Programs also Looked Back in the Double 3rd Qtr. Among the top ten in
1973 was "M*A*S*H," a comedy-drama about our involvement in the
Korean War. "The Waltons," looked at family life in rural America
during the Great Depression and was also in the top ten.
Prosaic Realism
Accompanied the Emotional Low as a surprise hit came to PBS in 1973.
"An American Family" was a real family, with cameras in their home, showing
the daily life and arguments in a disintegrating union.
What was old, was new, as
America looked back again with review and reform.
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| 10. Sports 1973-74 |
Physical Cycle |
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Physical High |
(1971 - 1985) |
Sports Heros Took Center
Stage in America
during the Physical High. When George Foreman scored a technical knockout
against Joe Frazier in 1973 to win the heavyweight boxing champion title,
America stood by their television sets. When the Boston Bruins' center, Phil
Esposito, won the National Hockey League scoring title for the third
straight year by totaling 130 points with 55 goals and 75 assists, also in
1973 also, he became a hero. Halfback O. J. Simpson set a one-year rushing
record of 2,002 yards this year and became a national star. Even the horse,
"Secretariat," became the first triple crown winner since "Citation," a
previous Physical high in 1948, (perhaps a coincidence).
Athletic Interests Grew
across the nation in the Physical High. Baseball Added a 10th Player
in 1973, called the "designated hitter," that could bat in place of the
pitcher. Hang Gliding Became Popular this year as people jumped off
cliffs. Roller Skating and Skate Boarding caught on big in urban and
suburban areas everywhere.
Sensational Sports
Events Were Successful during the Physical High. Perhaps one of the most
memorable events this year was when tennis stars, Bobby Riggs and Billie
Jean King challenged each other in an event called the "battle of the
sexes." The prize was $100,000 for the winner as they played in the
Astrodome. Some 30,000 spectators attended and forty million watched on TV
as Billie Jean arrived on top of an elephant, and Bobby came by rickshaw.
Billie Jean was the victor. A Double Crossover in the other two Cycles at
the time doubtless added to the appeal of the shake up.
| 10. Sports 1973-74 |
Emotional Cycle |
top |
| 10. Sports 1973-74 |
Intellectual Cycle |
top |
| 10. Sports 1973-74 |
Polyrhythms |
top |
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| 11. Fashion 1973-74 |
Physical Cycle |
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Physical High |
(1971 - 1985) |
The Physical Look was Coming in Style in 1973.
Macho-like mustaches came in. Men were wearing sport shirts and jeans.
Appearances were generally casual.
| 11. Fashion 1973-74 |
Emotional Cycle |
top |
| 11. Fashion 1973-74 |
Intellectual Cycle |
top |
| 11. Fashion 1973-74 |
Polyrhythms |
top |
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Emo-Intellectual
Dbl. 3rd Qtr. Review |
(1973-82) |
A Return to the 1950s Came
in Began in 1973.
Older hair styles came back, leather jackets reappeared and straight leg
jeans returned. A secondary influence in clothing came from the 1940's with
the return of wide brim hats and high rise baggy pants. Even a
Twenties-style golf shoe returned with the flopping tongue. This was the
start of a long review.
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The
population rose 1.6 million in 1972 to reach 210 million in 1973. The nation as
a whole was changing.
| 12. Lifestyles 1973-74 |
Physical Cycle |
top |
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Physical High |
(1971 - 1985) |
Physically-based Trends Came
in all types. "Pet Rocks" became a fad in 1973. CB Radios
became a craze as motorists sported in cars and trucks and filled the air
waves as though they truck drivers in a caravan. Martial Arts became
widely popular throughout the High. Hot Tubs came onto the scene
around this time. It was becoming a Physical Time.
| 12. Lifestyles 1973-74 |
Emotional Cycle |
top |
| 12. Lifestyles 1973-74 |
Intellectual Cycle |
top |
| 12. Lifestyles 1973-74 |
Polyrhythms |
top |
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Physical High
with
Emotional Low |
(1973 - 1985) |
Society Gave More Acceptance
to Homosexuality.
The “Gay Movement” focused more on homosexual men than on lesbians, although
it represented both. With a high and rising Physical Cycle, (yang), and a
low and declining Emotional Cycle, (yin), masculinization prevailed. Newer
homosexuals were less flamboyant and effeminate than their previous
stereotypes. They were macho gays who wore muscle shirts, sported
mustaches, and carried manly demeanors. The American Psychiatric
Association shifted its view on homosexuality in December 1973, and no
longer listed it as a mental disorder.
Women Assumed More
Masculine Rolls in Many Jobs. In 1973, the first woman prison guard in
a maximum security prison for men came to Iowa State Penitentiary in 1973.
Many jobs would see gender changes in times to follow.
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The end of an
era came crashing to an end. The combined effect of both the Emotional and
Intellectual Cycles crossing downward was to send shock waves throughout the
nation. This time of double chaos came with a public outrage, (Emotional), over
a political issue, (Intellectual). Our leaders were changing hard and fast with
a Physical High and Emo-Intellectual Cycles Low. Soon the strong would move in
to reign over the romantics and the intellectuals in times ahead.
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Kala. Chart horizontal
1970