Overview Overview Overview Overview Overview Overview Overview Overview Overview Overview Overview Overview Overview Overview Overview
18th C. 1770s 1780s 1790s 19th C. 1800s 1810s 1820s 1830s 1840s 1850s 1860s 1870s 1880s 1890s
Timelines Timelines Timelines Timelines Timelines Timelines Timelines Timelines Timelines Timelines Timelines Timelines Timelines Timelines Timelines
Overview Overview Overview Overview Overview Overview Overview Overview Overview Overview Overview Overview Overview
20th C. 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 21st C. 2000s
Timelines Timelines Timelines Timelines Timelines Timelines Timelines Timelines Timelines Timelines Timelines Timelines Timelines
arrow grey left   Back to USA menu
arrow grey left   Go to Matrixes

    Categories in This Page:
1. Political 2. Bus & Eco.
3. Sci. & Tech. 4. Mechanical
5. Education 6. Rel. & Spir.
7. Arts & Des. 8. Lit. & Pub.
9. Entertain. 10. Sports
11. Fashion 12. Lifestyles
Summary

go to... History title small for decade
arrow grey left  1902 1910s 1920s  arrow grey rightspacer
Timelines - Decade
28y Physical 36y Emotional 44y Intellectual
American Cycles 1910s
Kalarhythms logo 110spacer
spacer
    Cycles in this page:
    click to open folders

These Timelines are a detailed look at the time and the influence of Cycles. Significant events of the decade are analyzed through Twelve categories that serve as a kaleidoscopic lens through time, (see the clickable links above), as well as the position of Cycles at the time, (see the clickable folder links in the upper left corner). You can read and link up and down vertically through this Timeline, or, you can go any Category and link horizontally to the same Category in other Timelines (links are provided at the head of each Category). This cross linking is designed to provide a fast and easy way to make reading fun and interesting.

See the go to Overview here link near the top for a brief look at Cycles for this decade.

See the Matrix links above left for navigating through all Overviews and Timelines by Time, Subject, or Cycle as described in Introduction to Part II).


Note to readers: Work from the Kala-Rhythm archives is being offered here in the Timelines for the first time. We are allowing a view into the Timelines now by posting both the finished and the unfinished pages of the Timelines as editing from our references continues.  Unfinished pages (like this one) contain raw data from history sources to which we give credit in our "biblio/webography". Check back for updates to this and other pages.

spacer spacer spacer spacer
top arrow grey down arrow transparent     drop down to navigate category in other decades:     arrow grey down arrow transparent
      prev. next        

While the Western world was moving forward from the Victorian Era the second decade of the century spoke of newness for the United States. There was the double Fourth Quarter effect of the Physical and Emotional Cycles and the First Quarter effect of the Intellectual Cycle. A full advance was at play. In 1913, Woodrow Wilson said in "The New Freedom", "This is nothing short of a new social age, a new drama of human relationships, a new stage-setting to the drama of life."

**rewrite**

[Mann Act of 1910, against prostitution]

{{around 1911, when became as important as what}}

1. Political  1902 Physical Cycle top    

The war in Europe was an external accidental.

Democrat Woodrow Wilson defeated won the presidency in 1912 in a landslide. The Republican vote was split between incumbent Taft, and Theodore Roosevelt's "bull moose" campaign in the newly formed Progressive Party, (see Physo-Emotional Fourth Quarter). The 16 years of Republican rule to an end. The main polarity was in Wilson's "New Freedom" against Roosevelt's New Nationalism.

DAT^

1912 Arizona and New Mexico become states of US [maybe this would go good in the introductory paragraph for the section]

1912 Alaska becomes an organized US territory.

1/6/12 New Mexico joins the Union as the 47th State.

In the first two years of his term, Wilson pushed through all the programs he had promised-tariff reform, the Federal Reserve system, and the Federal Trade Commission.

 

5/16/10 The Bureau of Mines is set up as part of the Department of in Interior.

1912 Illinois adopted the first state-wide law for assistance to mothers with dependent children. In 1912 Colorado took action, while in 1913 eighteen other states enacted similar laws.

[Racial disturbances "The Oxford History of the American People", page 884-885.]

5/31/13 17th Amendment to the Constitution, providing for direct election of senators by the people, declared in effect.

The 17th amend. The champions of direct government were particularly insistent in their demand for the popular election of US senator. They charged that selection by the state legs. resulted in a Senate brought into being by an alliance between wealthy businessmen and unscrupulous politicians. They persuaded state after state to permit the voters to express a senatorial preference that the legislature was bound to accept. At the same time, the progressives worked hard to secure a constitutional amendment to implement their objectives. Passed by C in 1911 and ratified in 1913, the 17th Amend to the Const provided for the direct election of senators.

1/26/15 Pursuing R's policies, Congress established Rocky Mountain National Park. Roosevelt is never quite as magnanimous after his presidency as before and during, and never gives Taft nor Wilson credit for their labor and conservation initiatives.

4/30/15 Out of 9481 acres in Teapot Dome, Wyoming, Eilson creates Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 3.

10/15/15 AZ adopted an old-age pension system which was declared unconstitutional by the state supreme court. In the 1920's, however, under the intelligent propaganda of the American Association for Old-Age Security, many states took up the principle of public responsibility for the aged, and began enactment of old-age pension laws. 

11/7/16 Wilson wins the election on his peace and preparedness platform. The Democrat retain control of C and Jeannette Rankin of MT. is the first woman elected to the House. However, women have still not been granted suffrage in most states.

8/10/17 The Lever Act, established control over food and fuel. Herbert Hoover, food administrator.

11/2/17 Lansing-Ishii agreement, reaffirming the assurances of the Root Takahira agreement (1908), with the admission by the US that "territorial propinquity" gave Japan special interests in China.

1917 Puerto Rico becomes US territory whose inhabitants are US citizens.

1917 Congress adopts the 18th Amendment to the Constitution and sends it to the states for ratification.

1919 House or Rep moves to curtail immigration.

Physical Low (1901 - 1915)

1910 Roosevelt makes speeches advocating a "New Nationalism." He is angered by scandals in the conservation program and by liberal Republican policies.

8/31/11 Theodore Roosevelt's speech at Osawatomie, Kansas, in which he enunciated his doctrine of the New nationalism. this augured ill for Taft.


 

Physical High (1915 - 1929)

1/28/15 US Coast Guard established by congress. It will charge with preventing contraband trade, will assist persons and vessels in distress and generally be useful to all maritime shipping.

 7/17/16 Federal Farm Loan Bank Act passed to improve the agricultural credit situation; established a federal land bank to conduct the lending business, provided for farm loan associations of borrowing farmers, and a federal farm land board for administrative purposes.

9/7/16 The Workmen's compensation Act is enacted by C, bringing 500,00 Federal employees under its umbrella.

3/15/16 Army Reorganization Bill passes the House. On 6/3 the National Defense Act will pass, authorizing increases in the Army & National Guard.

1917 The Jones Act, passed 1917, conferred American citizenship upon all Puerto Ricans and made the upper house of the legislature elective. In 1947 C passed a law granting Puerto Ricans the right to elect their own governor. The following year journalist and legislative leader Luis Munoz Marin became the first elected governor. Munoz Marin served four consecutive four-year terms and became very popular for his promotion of economic and social reforms.

1/17/17 Virgin Islands bought by the US form Denmark for $15,000,000. Islands important strategic vases guarding Panama Canal.

2/5/17 Immigration Act passed over Wilson's veto. Provides literacy test for immigrants and excludes Asiatic laborer other than Japanese.

3/2/17 Jones Act makes Puerto Rico past of US territory, making its inhabitants US citizens.

8/29/17 The Jones Act, granting to the Philippines what was practically a territorial status. Declared purpose of the US to grant independence "as soon as a stable government can be established therein."

2/25/18 Muscle Shoals Dam is given a go-ahead by Wilson. It will span the Tenn R. and provide much-needed electricity for the war effort.

Modern KKK movement founded in 1915 in Atlanta, by a former itinerant preacher, Wm Jos Simmons, the org took firm root in the Deep South, then spread rapidly throughout the nation after 1920, achieving extraordinary success in the Midwest. The Klan drew its membership primarily from the villages and small towns that had been left rather undisturbed by the immigration, industrialization, and liberal thought of modern Am. The post Civil War Klan had attacked mainly blacks, but the Klan of the 1920's added anti-Catholic, anti-Semitic, and anti-foreigner sentiments to its creed. So many members, especially in the south, belonged to the evangelical sects that the public came to think that religious fundamentalism was a Klan article of faith.

At the height of its activity in the mid-1920s the Klan had an estimated 4 mil. members. But as a result of the nation's increasing wrath toward the organization, by the beginning of the 1930s the membership had withered away to scarcely 50,000.

11/25/15 The almost dormant KKK is revived in Atlanta, GA, by Colonel William J. Simmons.

Physical 1st Qtr. Foundation (1915 - 1922)

1916 National Park Service is established as part of the US Dept of the Interior.

1. Political  1902 Emotional Cycle top    

Emotional Low (1901 - 1919)

4/18/10 Suffragists are getting more numerous and more likely to be heard. Petitioning C for the vote, a vociferous group brings 500,000 names to their representatives. Grover Cleveland, writing earlier in the "Ladies' Home Journal," fails to endear himself to the ladies when he states, as if he has a means of knowing: "Sensible and responsible women do not want to vote. The relative positions to be assumed by man and woman in the working out of our civilization were assigned long ago by a higher intelligence."

National organization were drawing some important women into their fold, and by 1920 the movement had grown to include the new class of working women, now a fifth of the total work force, who were no longer merely servants. Until Alice Paul appeared on the scene, tactics were fairly genteel. In 1914, Alice Paul, however, impatient with the government's delaying tactics, brought a militant element into the movement; soon the police, with Wilson's tacit approval, would respond with brutality. Women picketing the White House were roughly hauled off to jail, stripped naked and thrown into dirty cells with syphilitic prostitutes. sometimes punishment for infraction of rules was severe, as in the case of Ada Davenport Kendall who, for protesting some injustice, was put on bread and water for 17 days in solitary confinement.

1917 US Senate rejects President Wilson's suffrage bill.

11/6/17 An important victory for women in their fight for suffrage is won when New York ratifies a constitutional amendment giving women the right to vote.

1917 Four women arrested for picketing for woman's suffrage (the right to vote) in from of the White House are sentenced to 6 months in prison.

1917 Representative Jeannette Rankin, Republican from CA., is the first woman member in the House.

Emotional 3rd Qtr. Review (1901 - 1910)

The revolt of 1910. Republican insurgents rose in revolt against Cannon's dictatorial tactics in March 1910. Through a coalition with the Democratic minority, they succeeded in having the House adopt an amendment to its rules of procedure (proposed by Republican George W. Norris of Nebraska), depriving the Speaker of the power to appoint members to the Rules Committee and barring him from serving on it. The Rules Committee was made elective. Further, the following year the Democrats, then in the majority, through the adoption of a resolution by the House, denied the Speaker even the right to appoint standing committees. The success of the Republican insurgents was a defeat for Taft, who had given indirect support to Speaker Cannon in the struggle.

RAW^ [end of third qtrs]

1910 Democratic & Republican progressives oppose dictatorial power of House Speaker and pass ruling that Rules Committee be elected by the House rather than appointed by the Speaker.

 other reforms

Jan 1910 Taft removed Gifford Pinchot from the forestry service as a result of the Ballinger-Pinchot controversy.

6/25/10 US C passes Mann Act: prohibits transportation of women across state lines for immoral purposes.

1910 C requires U.S. Representatives to file reports of campaign contributions.

3/26/10 An amendment to the Immigration Act of 1907 makes it no longer possible to admit criminals, paupers, anarchists and diseased persons into the US. Some countries have been scouring jails and asylums and officially sending the inmates over to the US.

The same day (6/24/10) C adopts the Publicity Act which requires representatives to report campaign contribution.

(6/24/10) The Mann Act is adopted by C as a weapon to stop the importation of European girls to work in American bordellos. The Act is known as the "white slave traffic act" and prohibits the transportation of women across state lines for immoral purposes.

8/31/10 Says Roosevelt with his characteristic combination of bombast and perspicacity: "I stand for the square deal; property shall be the servant and not the master of the commonwealth." (campaign tour for the presidency). Roosevelt does not mention Taft, who is angered by the speech. Taft's own record on trust action, following in Roosevelt's pioneering footsteps, is and outstanding 67 bill and indictments in four years. Under his administration the Standard Oil Company will be dissolved and the Tobacco Trust broken up. Taft contemptuously comments on Roosevelt's speech that if they were to remove his skull they would find only "1912" inside. However, the speech will be a rallying cry for the Progressive Movement. And when the present leader of the insurgents, Robert La Follette, becomes sick, Roosevelt will quite naturally take his place.

5/1/11 The supreme court, under the Sherman Anti-Trust Act, ordered the dissolution of the Standard Oil company and the American Tobacco Company. In the Standard Oil case the court enunciated the "rule-of-reason doctrine," indicating its belief that the government should not attempt to outline "every" combination in restraint of trade, but should confine action to those contracts which resulted in an "unreasonable" restraint of trade. The enunciation of this doctrine marked a turning-point in the court's attitude toward the so-called "trusts."

9/1/16 In a long-delayed move, Congress enacts the Keating-Wwen Act which bars from interstate commerce any item made by child labor. Some states have already begun to tackle the child labor problem as children work 12 to 14 hours a day. South Carolina this year has raised the age limit to 14 years for employment in mills, factories and mines. Still working for equity for labor, two days later the President signs into law the Adamson Bill which provides for and 8-hr day and time and a half for overtime on railroads.

[consolidate reform moves of this decade?]

Emotional Upward Crossover (March 21, 1919- March 21, 1920)

1919 The nineteenth amendment. Many advocates of women's rights believed that a constitutional amendment was the ultimate solution to the issue of equal political rights for men and women. Susan B. Anthony, a social reformer and leader in the womin;s suffrage movement, proposed such an amendment in 1869; nine years later it was introduced in C. There it langushed for mre than forty years. In 1919 C passed the Nineteenth Amendment to the Constitution, granting nationwide women's suffrage-a testimonial to the effective work of such feminists as Anthon, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and Carrie Chapman Catt. Ratification in August 1920 permitted women to vote in the presidential election that year.

1. Political  1902 Intellectual Cycle top    

Intellectual Low (1885 - 1907)

6/24/10 C establishes the postal savings system in response to public demand. The public has little faith in savings banks. The new system will pay two percent interest.

8/24/12 The much-hoped-for parcel post system is authorized by C. It will go into service the following year.

TROUBLE WITH MEXICO

4/9/14 Wilson has refused to recognize Huerta as the rightful Pres of Mexico on the grounds that he has not been elected by the people. When some sailors and officers from the Am. barge "Dolphin" go ashore at Tampico for supplies, they are promptly arrested, and as promptly released. Admiral Mayo demands apology and "salute to the American flag" as well. Huerta refuses. There is great pressure from European powers for Wilson to recognize Huerta, since he is a strong ruler and may be able to keep peace, which is threatened by insurgency.

4/19/14 In an uncharacteristically belligerent move, Wilson asks a receives from C the authority to use armed force to make Huerta comply to his wishes.

4/21/14 the US Navy dispatched to Vera Cruz, Marines take control of city. Through this port Germany has been funneling arms for Huerta. Americans lose four men and 20 are wounded. Only timely intervention of Argentina, Brazil and Chile as mediators, save Am from war. However, stopping supplies for Heurta dries up strong source of foreign aid an will be a factor in reassuring Heuta to resign and leave the country.

This same day (8/5/14 US signs treaty with Nicaragua for right to build canal there, plus 99-year lease on islands and naval base. Price $3,000,000. Treaty product of what Taft has created and calls Dollar Diplomacy. This policy proposes to substitute dollars for bullets.

8/15/14 Panama canal opened.

 1/10/16 In an attempt to embroil the US in the turmoil in Mexico, Gen Francisco "Pancho" Villa forces 18 American mining engineers off a train and shoots them in cold blood.

3/9/16 Pancho Villa leads an attack of 1500 men into New Mexico and kills 17 Americans. Brigadier-Gen John J. Pershing with 6000 men will be order to pursue Villa into Mexican and to capture him. The subsequent two-year effort will result in failure.

5/9/16 Wilson orders mobilization along the Mexican border. This will lead [Men pres] Carranza to order US troops our of Mexico.

5/15/16 In a move that will keep them there until 1914, the US Marines land in Santo Domingo to quell disorder.

6/21/16 Carranza orders his troops to attack American soldiers on Mexican ground. At Carrizal 18 Americans are killed or wounded. The Mexicans warn that a repetition will result unless Americans leave Mex. Americans refuse until order is restored along the border. Next month the two countries will submit to arbitration in an effort to avoid all-our war.

2/23/17 American troops recalled from Mexican border.

1. Political  1902 Polyrhythms top    

Physo-Emotional Dbl. 4th Qtr. Alternatives (1910 - 1915)

11/8/10 For the first time since 1894 the country returns a Democratic Congress. It also see the first socialist ever to sit in congress, Victor L. Berger. In Duchess County, NY, young Franklin Delano Roosevelt is elected to the state senate.

1911 Senate passes bill for direct election of senators under federal supervision.

RAW^

1911 US abrogates the treaty of 1832 with Russia. Treaty allowed Russia to exclude Jewish-Am citizens.

1911 Illinois passes first state law to assist mothers with dependent children.

PROGRESSIVISM

1911 La Follet, Senator from Wisconsin helps found the National Progressive Republican League, which seeks adoption of direct primaries, direct elections of senators, and state constitutional reform.

1/21/11 National Progressive Republican League organized. Another step in the break in the Republican Party. Robert La Follette the leader of the league.

1/21/11 Senator Robert La Follette helps to found the National Progressive Republican League to promote more responsive government at all levels. Senator Jonathan Bourne of Oregon is made president. The organization proposes to attract the men who find the Republican Party in the grip of overly conservative leader like Aldrich and Cannon, and hopes to draw "insurgents" from both parties, in effect creating a third force in politics. The new League advocates the initiative, referendum and recall; direct primaries and direct election of delegates to conventions; and, naturally, more and stronger Progressive legislation. However, while the move tends to gather the Progressives together into one camp, it loses its leader when La Follette collapses on a speaking tour in February. Foundering, eyes will turn hopefully to the energetic Roosevelt, who declare: "My hat is in the ring." "Political emotionalists and neurotics," snorts Taft, his break with hi mentor Roosevelt widening every day.

10/16/11 The first National Conference of Progressive Republicans holds its convention in Chicago. Robert La Follette is nominated for president. The split between Taft and Roosevelt had become irrevocable, foundering on the unlikely shoal of an anti-trust suit. Taft's Attorney General has gone after the giant US Steel Corp. in an effort to force it to disgorge some of its holdings, among which is the Tennessee Coal and Iron Company. Roosevelt himself had allowed the huge steel corp. to acquire this company. Roosevelt's enemies feel he may have sold our, of has been a fool at best. Roosevelt asks in exasperation what is gained "by breaking up a huge industrial organization which has not offended otherwise than by its size." He articulates the prevailing view that comes to dominate American society, that morality must be cast anew and new legislation is required to meet the new conditions.

RAW^

Election campaign. The liberal Democrats rallied behind Gov. Woodrow Wilson of New Jersey, who described himself as a "progressive with the brakes on. Wilson was finally nominated on the forty-sixth ballot.

More than a year before the election, liberal insurgent Republicans tried to mobilize the progressive sentiment of the country. In January 1911, several Republican senators formed an organization called the Progressive Republican League, which announced the following political aims; (1) direct election of senators; (2) direct primaries; (3) direct election of delegates to national nominating conventions; and (4) state adoption of the initiative, referendum and recall.

Initially the league merely advocated progressive principles. In October 1911, it endorsed Senator Robert M. La Follette of Wisconsin for the Republican nomination against President Taft. La Follette, who had won national fame for his successful battle against the power of large corporations in his own state, promptly started a vigorous drive to rouse the voters from their lethargy. Although former president Roosevelt had been supporting the liberal insurgent Republicans ever since the summer of 1910, he refused to join the league or to support La Follette.

Roosevelt charged that the Republican nomination had been "stolen" from him by irregular tactics. With evangelical fervor his followers undertook the task of helping to form a new party, called the Progressive party. The Progressive party was nicknamed the "Bull Moose" party, from Roosevelt's frequent use of the term to described someone full of strength and vigor.

RAW^

8/5/12 A third party is formed by Republican "insurgents" who follow Roosevelt off the convention floor. With evangelical fervor, the party nominates Roosevelt for president. Hiram Johnson of Ca is nominated for vice-president.

RAW^

After failing to get a strong candidate at their National Convention on 7/6/16, The Progressive Part dissolved into the democratic party.

DAT^

7/21/15 The Sup Ct finds that the so-called :grandfather clause" added to the constitutions of OK and MD is unconstitutional. The clause states that anyone whose grandfather did not vote in an election cannot now vote. Aimed primarily at blacks, it cuts into immigrants' votes too.

RAW^

1916 Woodrow Wilson elected pres. Thomas R, Marshall VP

1916 The Jones Act of 1916. Passed by a Democratic-controlled C and signed into law by Democratic president Woodrow Wilson in 1916, the Jones Act was in harmony with the basic Democratic party platforms since 1900, favoring a steady progression toward ultimate independence for the Philippines. Under the act, although the head of the executive branch of the government was still to be an Am. governor-general, five of the executive depts. were to be led by Filipinos. The upper house of the legislature was made elective, as the lower house had been for 14 years.

1916 USA purchases Virgin Islands; US troops land in Santo Domingo, and stay till 1924.

1916 24 states vote to prohibit alcohol.

Physical Low with
     Intellectual High
(1907 - 1915)

POL    6/5/12 To protect American interests in Cuba, the US sends marines. This is a deviation from Taft's new policy toward South Am which has come to be called Dollar Diplomacy: Taft has said he wishes to substitute "dollars for bullets" in his dealings with Latin Am, with American capital bringing healthy reform to corrupt governments. The effect is too often to stabilize harsh and dishonest administrations and create long-lasting animosity toward the US.

5/1/11 In "United States v. Grimaud," the Supreme Court finds that the Federal Government, by reason of "administrative discretion," has authority over forest reserve. The Court withholds outright delegation of legislative power, but in effect takes overall authority away from the States.

Internal Aberration (1912)

10/4/12 About to make a speech in Milwaukee, Roosevelt is shot from 6 feet away by a fanatic. The bullet slows as it goes through an overcoat, a glasses case, a folded (in this case fortunately long) speech, before penetrating to the lung. Although the wound was serious enough, still Roosevelt insists upon giving his speech before being taken to the hospital. The melodramatic gesture captures headlines as all his actions still tend to do. The tough outdoorsman will be well in two weeks. However he will never again be center stage. He has successfully articulated and acted upon the demands for social justice rising from the country in much the same egocentric, arrogant and high-handed manner used by his great antagonists. He has ably served to usher in a new age, ironically one that will have no place for such as himself.

Aberration Aberration (1914)

WORLD WAR I

1915 "Lusitania" and "Arabic" sinkings with loss of American lives bring strong protest notes from Pres. Wilson. Changes occur in German submarine warfare.

8/5/14 The US makes a formal statement that it will remain neural in the European wars, but offers its services as mediator in the mushrooming conflict.

2/10/15 Wilson warns Germ, after it proclaimed as war zone around British isles to offset their supplies from neutral allies, that the US will hold it "to a strict accountability" for "property endangered or lives lost." W proceeds cautiously, but seem to be preparing the ground that should America's entry in to the war become inevitable, it will be on the Allied side.

5/1/15 Without warning, the American tanker, "Gulflight" is sunk by a German U-boat. Germ quickly offers to make reparations.

5/7/15 the sinking of the Lusitania, with loss of Am life, led to W's warning to Ger of 853RMay 13. Am strongly demands reparation be made by Germany, which it does not do.

7/2/15 Erich Muenster, a Germ instructor at Cornell U., manages to explode a bomb in the US Senate reception room. The next day he shoots J.P Morgan for representing the British Gov. in war contract negotiations. Muenter is caught this time and jailed, but commits suicide three days later.

7/25/15 The Germs had previously sunk the Am vessel "Nebraskan" and on 7/25 sunk the flax carrying American vessel "Leelanaw".

DAT^

7/26/15 Beginning a 19-year occupation, US Marines land in Gaitti to snug out a revolution. Unlike some other Am occupations, this one does not lead to bitter admin. arrangements not long-lasting changes.

11/7/15 Carrying 27 Americans passengers, the Italian liner "Ancona" is sunk without warning by an Austrian submarine.

11/30/15 Sabotage is suspected in the explosion at the DuPont munitions plant in Wilmington, DE.

2/3/17 Wilson breaks diplomatic ties with Germany. That same day, the American steamship "Housatonic" is sunk without warning.

3/12/17 American merchant ship "Algonquin" is sunk without warning.

3/16+17 Three American ships, homeward bound, attacked without warning and sunk by German submarines.

3/18/17 The "City of Memphis", "Vigilante" and "Illinois", all American ships, are sunk without warning. Three days later the American "Healdton" is sunk off the Dutch coast.

4/2/17 Wilson asked congress to recognize the existence of a   state of war between the US and Germany.

4/2/17 Wilson asks C to declare war on Germany. "The world must be made safe fore democracy." Two days later the Senate concurs and on Good Friday the House follows suit. The vote in congress is overwhelmingly in favor of war.

4/6/17 War declared in Germany

5/18/17 Selective Service Act authorizing registration and draft of all men between 21 and 30 for military service is passed by Congress.

6/13/17 First division embarked for France.

6/15/17 The Espionage Act

10/16/17 The Trading-with-the-Enemy Act

5/16/18 (yep, 18) Sedition Act

July/17 War Industries Board created and placed in complete charge of all war purchases

12/7/17 The US declares war on Austria-Hungary.

12/18/17 Under stress of war conditions and the need of food conservation congress had in August 1917 prohibited the use of food products in the making of distilled beverages. Ownership of large numbers of breweries and distilleries by person of German origin accentuated popular resentment against liquor traffic. As a result, congress adopted the eighteenth amendment, prohibiting the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcoholic liquors, and sent it to the states for ratification. It became part of the constitution 1/19/1919.

1/16/19 Prohibition amendment (18th) to US Constitution ratified.

1917 Pres. Wilson calls for special session of Congress. He signs resolution declaring war on Germany.

1917 Congress passes Selective Service Act authorizing registration of all men, Espionage Act, War Revenue Act, and Trading with the Enemy Act.

1/8/18 Fourteen Points set forth by President Wilson in an address to Congress defining war aims of the US.

4/5/18 War Finance Commission created with fund of $5000,000,000 for financing essential industries.

July 18- Nov.11 American troops participated in six prolonged assaults upon German positions. Two of these were conducted wholly by American forces: battle of St. Michael (9/12-16) and that of the Meuse-Argonne (9/26-Nov.11), in which 1,200,00 men were engaged.

11/11/18 The German government signs the armistice treaty at five in the morning.

RAW^

spacer spacer spacer spacer
top arrow grey down arrow transparent     drop down to navigate category in other decades:     arrow grey down arrow transparent
      prev. next        

Similarly, in what is known as the Minnesota Rate Cases, the Supreme Court this year validates an order by a state commission which regulates intrastate railroad rates. the Court finds that while C has exclusive authority over interstate commerce, a state may act independently as long as it does not act against federal laws. Many consider this a long overdue decision by the Court.

3/4/13 Department of Labor created with a seat in the cabinet.RAW^

10/3/13 Wilson gets C to enacts the Underwood-Simmons Tariff Act, the first tariff reform since the Civil War. Duties are brought down on 958 articles, including food-stuffs, clothing and raw material. Rates on cotton are cut 50 percent and on woolens over 60 percent. C will enact the graduated income tax law to make up the difference. 

The first item in Wilson's program was tariff reform, a perennial Democratic objective since the Civil War; the President's measure, the Underwood Tariff Act of 1913, reduced average rates from 40 percent to 25 percent, greatly enlarged the free list, and included a modest income tax. Next came adoption of the Presidents measure for banking and monetary reform, the Federal Reserve Act of 1913, which created a federal reserve system to mobilize banking reserves and issue a flexible new currency-federal reserve notes-based on gold and commercial paper; uniting and supervising the entire system was a federal reserve board of pres appointees.

1913 About 150,000 garment-workers go on strike. The workers will win reduced hours and recognition of their union, plus an increase in their meager wages.

9/3/17 The Adamson Act establishing the 9 hr day on interstate railways.

10/3/17 War Revenue Act, greatly increasing income tax and imposing an excess profits tax on business earning of corporations and individuals.

1919 Steel strike till Jan. 1920.

1919 NY dock workers go out on strike.

2. Business & Economy  1902 Physical Cycle top    

Physical Low (1901 - 1915)

1913, the Underwood Tariff Act revised high tariff practices.

5/15/11 The Supreme Court finds the Standard Oil company in "unreasonable" restraint of trade. A new judicial principle, "the rule of reason," is articulated in this case.

5/29/11 In "United States v. American Tobacco Company," the Supreme Court finds the American Tobacco Company violates the Sherman Anti-trust Act. However under the new principle of "rule of reason," the court order it reorganized rather than dissolved.

1911 Standard Oil Trust is broken up into 33 companies although the Rockefellers retain major interests in Exxon, Mobil, Amoco, Standard Oil of California.

1911 Supreme Court, under the Sherman Antitrust Act, orders the dissolution of the Standard Oil Co. ("unreasonable" restraint of trade) and the American Tobacco Co. (monopoly).

1912 Mass. passes first min. wage law for women and children (invalidated by the Supreme Court in 1923).

1912 NY passes 54-hour week labor law; Congress passes eight-hour cay labor law for fed. employees.

1912 Massachusetts set up a commission to establish minimum-wage laws for women and children. By 1923 fourteen other states and the District of Columbia had taken similar action, setting up either a statutory minimum or giving commissions mandatory powers. All such laws were dealt a severe blow by the supreme court decision of 1923, in the Adkins case, in which the court declared unconstitutional the District of Columbia law because it deprived the individual of levity of contract.

1912 Congress authorizes an 8-hour day for all workers under fed. contract.

1912 Textile workers strike in Lawrence, Mass., showing power of I.W.W.

1/12/12 Workers strike against sweatshop conditions in the mills of Lawrence, Mass.  Workers are protesting a cut in wages under a new law which has limited working hours. The strike will last two months. The militant Industrial Workers of the World will use the violent struggle to move into the East.

6/18/10 C passed the Mann-Elkins Act. It is Taft's major contribution to much-needed railroad reform. The Interstate commerce Act and the Hepburn Act had both begun to tackle the diseased transportation network so vital to the vast nation. However there are still enormous combines which are draining the companies. The interlocking directorates, overtly engaged in political corruption, are matters of public concern. The Mann-Elkins Act proposes to give the Interstate Commerce Commission power to bring the railroads within the embrace of the law. The act sets up a commerce Court consisting of five judges to hear only appeals from the Commission. The Commission itself is empowered to suspend rate raises for up to 10 months while it conducts an investigation on the need for the raise. Most important, the Commission can begin judicial proceedings against a railroad, not needing the Attorney General to initiate action. The Commission's jurisdiction is also extended to include telegraph and telephone companies.

1910 Interstate Commerce Commission orders a reduction in Pullman car rates and in railroad freight rates.The Mann-Elkins Act. Through the efforts of congressional progressives of both major parties, legislation was passed during the Taft administration that corrected certain defects in the Hepburn Act. In 1910 President Taft signed into law the Mann-Elkins Act. It (1) gave the Interstate Commerce Commission's authority to supervise telephone, telegraph, cable and wireless companies; (2) empowered the commission on its own to institute proceedings against carriers for violations of the law; (3) authorized the commission to suspend all new rates until it was satisfied of their reasonableness; and (4) created a new Commerce Court (which was in existence for three years) to expedited the handling of rate cases.

1914 Panama Canal completed.

12/10/15 The on millionth Ford motorcar moves down the assembly line. This same year for a "jitney"-that is, a nickel-automobiles owner offer rides.. From this practice originates the taxicab. Soon there is regular intercity "jitney" service.

12/27/15 The Iron and Steel Workers strike in East Youngstown, Ohio. They demand the 8-hr day and other concessions. some their labor is vital, the strike will be soon settled in their favor.

1/24/16 Supreme Court finds that a federal income tax is constitutional.

1916 Child labor laws in south Carolina raise the minimum age of children for work in mills, factories, and mines, from 12 to 14.

Physical 3rd Qtr. Review (1901 - 1908)

January, 1910 Taft dismisses Pinchot for publicly criticizing the administration's handling of coal lands in Alaska.

Physical Upward Crossover (March 21, 1915- March 21, 1916)

1915 American workers demanding labor rights close down the Colorado Fuel & Iron Co. and Rockefeller calls in private army and state militia to put down strikers.

1916 Widespread industrial unrest on both sides of the Atlantic: steel strike in USA, New York dockworkers strike.

1916 Law establishing eight-hour work day for railroad workers prevents nation-wide strike [US?]

Physical High (1915 - 1929)

In 1919, Railroad lines operated in Am total 265,000 miles.

Physical 1st Qtr. Foundation (1915 - 1922)

In 1911, with William Carpo Durant, he built the first Chevrolet car; but he had little confidence in it, and in 1915 he sold his interest to Durant, who, the next year, brought the Chevrolet Motor Company into the General Motors organization. Other cars designed by Chevrolet won the Indianapolis 500-mile race in 1920 (a Monroe driven by his brother Gaston Chevrolet) and in 1921 (a Frontenac driven by Tommy Milton). Subsequently, he was active in motorboat racing; worked for the Stutz Automobile Company, Indianapolis, Ind.; established an unsuccessful aircraft factory in that city; and in 1935 returned to the General Motors division named for him.

9/1/17 Grain Corporation inaugurated, which fixed price of grain and financed the 1917, 1918 and 1919 crops.

4/10/18 Webb-Pomerene Act exempting export associations from the restraints of the anti-trust laws, with a view to encouraging export.

2. Business & Economy  1902 Emotional Cycle top    

Emotional Low (1901 - 1919)

3/1/13 In a great victory for the anti-liquor groups led by the Anti-Saloon League, the Webb-Kenyon Interstate Liquor Act is upheld by C, overriding a Taft veto. The Act states that it is unlawful to ship liquor into a state which has made its sale illegal. This shore up state authority vis-à-vis the Fed.

2. Business & Economy  1902 Intellectual Cycle top    

Intellectual 1st Qtr. Foundation (1907 - 1918)

Herman Hollerith, who invented the first electronic computer during the previous crest of the Intellectual Cycle, joined two other companies in 1911 to form the Computing Tabulating Co., which later became the International Business Machine Corp. (IBM) 1st qtr 1907-1918)

1912 First F. W. Woolworth Company founded.

As the company grew by leaps and bounds, Ford instituted his second profound innovation in 1913-1914-the continuously-moving assembly line that changed his output from 248,367 cats in 1913-14 to 2000 cars per day in 1916. Soon sensing the dehumanization that  threatened his workers, Ford more than doubled their pay in 1915. The acclaim this brought him at the time was later to be forgotten during his brutal struggle against unions; in 1941 Ford became the last major auto company to unionize.

1913 US Federal Reserve System established.

1913 Federal income tax introduced through the 16th amendment.

The Federal Reserve System was established the Federal Reserve Act in 1913 to mobilize banking reserves and regulate currency, (i 1st)

12/23/13 The Federal Reserve Bank Act. The panic of 1907 had emphasized the weakness of the national banking system. The Aldrich-Freeland Act was passed in 1908 as an emergency measure, and provided for the appointment of a national monetary commission to study the problem. Report of the commission submitted (1912). Wilson asked for legislation which would provide an elastic currency, based on commercial assets rather than bonded indebtedness, mobilization of bank reserves, public control of the banking system, and decentralization rather than centralization [interesting!]. These features were embodied in the act of 1913. The country was divided into twelve districts, each with a federal reserve bank.

1913 Departments of Commerce and Labor. From the Department of Commerce and Labor, C created in 1913, on Taft's last day in office, two separate departments; the Department of Commerce and the Department of Labor, whose heads would both be cabinet members. The Department of Commerce was authorized to help supervise and advance the nation's commerce, domestic and foreign. The Department of Labor was set up to improve the status of wage earners in all aspects of their working conditions.

The sixteenth amendment passed by C in 1909 and ratified in 1913, just as the Taft administration was coming to an end, the Sixteenth Amendment to the Constitution permitted the imposition of a graduated income tax without regard to apportionment among the states according to population.

The Federal Reserve System was established by the Federal Reserve Act on 1914 [or 1913?] to mobilize banking reserves and regulate currency, (1st qtr 1907-1920).

10/22/14 The Revenue Act passes C. It imposes the first income tax on incomes over $3000 to offset loss of tariff money brought about through enactment of the Underwood-Simmons Act of 1913.

Herman Hollerith, who invented the first electronic computer during the previous crest of the Intellectual Cycle, joined two other companies in 1911 to form the International Business Machine Corp. (IBM), (i 1st).

1913 Henry Ford adopts the conveyor belt system used by the meat-packers. Putting the idea to work for cars, within 10 years he brings down the price of a Model T from $950 to $290. He also sets and example by paying his men $5 a day when many are making not much more a week.

1913 Ford Motor Co. sets up the first moving assembly line and is soon producing 1000 Model T's per day. Ford pays workers an unheard-of minimum wage of $5 a day and established a 40-hr. workweek.

2/25/13 16th Amendment to the constitution, empowering congress to levy income taxes without apportionment among the states and without regard to any census or enumeration, declared in effect.

1919 Radio Corporation of Am established, RCA.

2. Business & Economy  1902 Polyrhythms top    

Physo-Emotional 4th Qtr. Alternatives (1910 - 1915)

Henry Ford said, "History is a lot of bunk!" [what year?]

The reform impulse declined in the country in the last years of its second decade. Perhaps it had run its course and had exhausted its energy.

 10/15/14 Am comes of industrial age as the milestone Clayton Anti-trust Act is passed by congress. Samuel Gompers will call this "labor's charter of freedom." It provides organized labor with the necessary legislation to balance its bargaining power vis-à-vis corporations. Most importantly it exempts unions from anti-trust laws; unions cannot be declared combinations in restraint of trade; the injunction will no longer be permitted to be used against unions; strikes, picketing and boycotting are made legal. Elsewhere in the Act, interlocking directorates are made illegal for corporations as is discrimination in setting process which would effect a monopoly.

Physical Low with
     Intellectual High
(1907 - 1915X)

1913 The Physical Valuation Act. Through the efforts of the progressive Republicans, under the leadership of Senator Robert M. La La Follette of Wisconsin, Congress passed in 1913 (three days before the Taft administration came to a close) the Physical Valuation Act. It empowered the Interstate Commission to make a study with the objective of determining the value of the property held by the various railroads. The purpose of the study, which took the commission eight years to complete, was to provide a basis for setting rates that would represent a reasonable profit to the lines on their investment.

The Federal Trade Commission Act was created by the Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914 to prevent business monopolies (int 4th?)

The Third Quarter effect was beginning to loose effect. q Standard Oil Case of 1911: that only those acts of agreements of a monopolistic nature unduly or "unreasonably" affecting interstate commerce were to be construed as acts or agreements in restraint of trade, under the Anti-trust Act. This "rule of reason" became the guiding rule of decision, notably in the case of 1920 against the United States Steel corporation, a consolidation from which the monopoly feature was absent. Subsequent prosecutions have been based not on mere size and power but on unfair and illegal use of power.

9/26/14 The Federal Trade Commission is set up to oversee regulation of corporation engaged in interstate commerce. The five-man commission proposes to oversee industrial corporations in a manner similar to that of the Interstate commerce Commission over railroads.

1914 Federal Trade Commission established to police business practices in interstate commerce.

External Aberration (1914)

7/31/14 The London Stock Exchange, at this time the largest and the most influential in the world, announces its closing due to war. The US follows suit and for several weeks all other important exchanges will also close.

1917 I. W. W. demonstration against war result in raids on their offices.

spacer spacer spacer spacer
top arrow grey down arrow transparent     drop down to navigate category in other decades:     arrow grey down arrow transparent
      prev. next        

1910 In response to the Conservation C of 1908, 38 of the 46 states have formed local conservation agencies.

3. Science & Technology  1902 Physical Cycle top    

3. Science & Technology  1902 Emotional Cycle top    

3. Science & Technology  1902 Intellectual Cycle top    

1912 US Public Health Service is established.

1912 Curtiss invents a "flying boat," or seaplane.

Intellectual 1st Qtr. Foundation (1907 - 1915)

1910 In "Future of Electricity," Steinmetz warns about air pollution from burning coal and water pollution from releasing untreated sewage into the rivers.

1912 Alfred Sturtevant, Ala. biologist, determines that genes are lined up in a row on the chromosomes.

1912 Western Union and Western Electric develop a multiplex telegraph that allows eight messages to be sent over one wire at the same time.

[????] 100-inch reflecting telescope is constructed at Mount Wilson, Ca.

DAT^

1910 George A. Hughes begins production of a practical electric cooking range.

1910 Electric washing machine are introduced.

1911 Gyrocompass pat. by Elmer A. Sperry (another pat. abroad by Anschutz-Kampfe, 1908), who also perfected the gyroscope (invented by Foucault, 1852) and invented the automatic steersman.

1912 U.S.S. Jupiter, America's first electric ship, is launched.

1913 Frederick A. Kolster invents a practical radio-compass and installs radio beacons in lighthouses on the NJ coast.

1914 E.C. Kendall prepares pure thyroxin for treatment of thyroid deficiencies

1914 wireless service established between US & Japan.

1915 Hermann Muller, geneticist, pubs "The Mechanism of Mendeliam Heredity," a classic in genetics.

1915 Established by Congress, the National Advisory Committee on Aeronautics (NACA) conducted programs of research and dev that by 1925 had demonstrated the value of basic research.

1916 A. Bell in NY calls T. Watson in San Francisco in the first transcontinental telephone call.

1917 American astronomer, Harlow Shapley, discovers the true dimensions of the Milky Way.

1917 Radios are used for ground-to-air and air-to-air communication

3. Science & Technology  1902 Polyrhythms top    

Physo-Intellectual Dbl. 1st Qtr. Foundation (1915 - 1918)

Goddard, first tested his rocket in 1915. The Smithsonian Institute funded the rocket in 1916, and on March 16th, 1926 he launched the 1st liquid fueled rocket. The Smithsonian predicted that it would eventually fly people to the moon.

1914-26. Early Rockets. Robert H. Goddard (1882-1945) patented liquid fuel rocket (1914), using liquid ether and oxygen; demonstrated lifting force of rackets (1920); directed 1st rocket flight (1926).

1916 Thompson Submachine Gun invented by John T. Thompson (1860-1940).

National Research Council formed 20 Sept. 1916 to promote wartime research; perpetuated by order of Pres Wilson 11 May 1918 to stimulate scientific research, programs, and information.
As the First World War raged in Europe, members of the NAS were concerned about whether or not the United States was prepared to be involved. At the NAS annual meeting in 1916, a resolution was introduced calling for organization of the nation's scientific resources. This committee soon became the National Research Council (NRC). During peacetime, two other organizations were added to complete the scope of the National Academies. The National Academy of Engineering was added in 1964 and the Institute of Medicine became functional in 1970. All four agencies are collectively called The National Academies, who serve as "Advisors to the Nation" on scientific issues.

1916 The National Academy of Sciences, non-governmental org of scientists and engineers, established March 3 1863, by an act of Congress58     to serve as official adviser to the government in all matters of science and Tech.  In 1916 the academy established the National Research Council to coordinate the activities of various scientists and engineers in universities, industry, and government the council issues many pubs and awards a number of postdoctoral fellowships. 

spacer spacer spacer spacer
top arrow grey down arrow transparent     drop down to navigate category in other decades:     arrow grey down arrow transparent
      prev. next        

1910 Barney Oldfield drives a Benz at 133 mph at Daytona Beach Fla.

1914 Cadillac develops a practical V-8 engine.

4. Mechanical  1902 Physical Cycle top    

 

Physical 1st Qtr. Foundation (1915 - 1922)

1915 Henry Ford develops a farm tractor.

1915 Automobile speed record of 102.5 mph set at Sheepshead Nay, NY by Gil Anderson driving a Stutz.

The coastal steamboat gave way to the road truck and, to a less degree, diesel.

1916 Brigadier General John Thompson invents the submachine gun, popularly called the "Tommy gun."     

1917 Eight-cylinder "Liberty " engines are developed. Incorporating the best parts of other patented engines,

the "Liberty" engines are soon in great demand.

1917 There are 4.8 million motor vehicles registered in the US; 435,000 of them are trucks. In this year, 1.7 million passenger cars and 181,348 commercial vehicles are produced, and there are 15,5000 garages and 13,500 repair shops to service them. Ave. price of a new car is $750.

1918 Browning invents an automatic rifle.

1918 Bell invents a hydrofoil boat that goes 60 mph during a test run.

1918-52 Helicopter. First to rise successfully from ground built by Peter Cooper-Hewitt and F. B. Crocker (1918). Developments in US largely due to Igor Sikorsky (1889- ), who arrived in US in 1918. Improved product (VS-300) produced by Vought-Sikorsky Aircraft (1939).

4. Mechanical  1902 Emotional Cycle top    

4. Mechanical  1902 Intellectual Cycle top    

 

Intellectual 1st Qtr. Foundtion (1907 - 1918)

In 1899 Clyde J. Coleman invented the electric self-starter. by February 1911 it has been perfected by Charles F. Kettering and is now demonstrated by General Motors. It will open a new era for the automobile.

1912 the self starter on the auto attracted more woman drivers than did the windshield and front doors.

By 1913 the first full blown assembly line was making Fords.

*newness "The Oxford History of the American People" page 892

4. Mechanical  1902 Polyrhythms top    

spacer spacer spacer spacer
top arrow grey down arrow transparent     drop down to navigate category in other decades:     arrow grey down arrow transparent
      prev. next        

5. Education  1902 Physical Cycle top    

5. Education  1902 Emotional Cycle top    

5. Education  1902 Intellectual Cycle top    

Intellectual 1st Qtr. Foundation (1907 - 1918)

In the beginning of this century, an eight year elementary school system was in effect where students continued onto four years of high school. this was known as the "eight-four" system which was still in effect until about 1910. then the "six-three" system came forth. Now a student attends six years of elementary school, goes on to three years of Junior high school and three years of high school, (1st qtr 1907-1918).

1916 Literacy requirements for US citizenship passed over Wilson's veto.

1918 Missouri last state to ratify compulsory school attendance law.

5. Education  1902 Polyrhythms top    

spacer spacer spacer spacer
top arrow grey down arrow transparent     drop down to navigate category in other decades:     arrow grey down arrow transparent
      prev. next        

1895 National Baptist Convention of the USA, representing merger of Negro Baptist groups, formed at Atlanta; incorporated (1915). The National Baptist Convention of Am separated (1916).

6. Religion & Spirituality  1902 Physical Cycle top    

6. Religion & Spirituality  1902 Emotional Cycle top    

6. Religion & Spirituality  1902 Intellectual Cycle top    

6. Religion & Spirituality  1902 Polyrhythms top    

spacer spacer spacer spacer
top arrow grey down arrow transparent     drop down to navigate category in other decades:     arrow grey down arrow transparent
      prev. next        

7. Arts & Design  1902 Physical Cycle top    

7. Arts & Design  1902 Emotional Cycle top    

Emotional Low (1901 - 1919)

1913 The International Exhibition of Modern ARt (the "Armory Show") in NY C has an enormous impact on Am art. When the show arrives in Chicago, an effigy of Matisse's painting "Blue Nude" is burned.

Emotional 4th Qtr. Alternatives (1910 - 1919)

1914 Stanton Macdonald-Wright, painter of the synchromist movement, paints "Synchromy in Orange: To Form."

1915 Max Weber, painter, paints "Chinese Restaurant" in the Cubist style.

1916 Man Ray, avant-garde painter, executes "The Rope Dancer Accompanies Herself with Her Shadows

1916 Morton Schamberg, Precisionist painter, paints "Machine."

1918 Joseph Stella, painter of the synchromist movement, paints "Brooklyn Bridge," the first of a series on that structure.

*Post Impressionism:

*mention Art Deco

7. Arts & Design  1902 Intellectual Cycle top    

7. Arts & Design  1902 Polyrhythms top    

spacer spacer spacer spacer
top arrow grey down arrow transparent     drop down to navigate category in other decades:     arrow grey down arrow transparent
      prev. next        

1911 Henry Bacon, architect, designs the Lincoln Memorial in the classical revival style.

1913 Woolworth Bldg. New York, designed by Cass Gilbert, opens

1913 Grand Central Terminal opens in NY

1914 Eugene O'Neil leading playwright of the period, writes his first ply, "The Web."

1914 Edgar Rice Burroughs, novelist, pubs "Tarzan of the Apes, the first of many books about an infant abandoned in the jungle and reared by apes.

8. Literature & Publication  1902 Physical Cycle top    

8. Literature & Publication  1902 Emotional Cycle top    

8. Literature & Publication  1902 Intellectual Cycle top    

 

Intellectual 1st Qtr. Foundation (1907 - 1915)

1910 Charles W. Eliot, Harvard U. pres., edits "The Harvard Classics," a 50-vol. sample of world literature

1910 the "new Poetry" launched in Chicago, Oxford History of the American People" page 911.

1911 Wharton pubs. her best known work, "Ethan Frome."

8. Literature & Publication  1902 Polyrhythms top    

spacer spacer spacer spacer
top arrow grey down arrow transparent     drop down to navigate category in other decades:     arrow grey down arrow transparent
      prev. next        

1910 John A. Lomax, ballad and folk song collector, pubs "Cowboy Songs and Other Frontier Ballads."

1910 The South American tango gains enormous popularity in Europe and the US.

1911 Irving Berlin, songwriter, writes his first hit song, "Alexander's Ragtime Band."

1911 w(illiam) C(ristopher) Handy, blues composer, writes "Memphis Blues."

Jazz and blues becomes popular

1912 Spreading fad for ragtime introduces a series of "animal dance." Among them are: fox trot, crab step, kangaroo dip, camel walk, fish walk, chicken scratch, lame duck, snake, grizzly bear, turkey trot, and the bunny hug.

1913 NY's Palace Theater beg a 20-year reign as the outstanding vaudeville house in the US.

1914 Charlie Chaplin, actor, director, and producer, introduces his famous tramp outfit in the film "Kid Auto Races at Venice."

1914 Cotillion, once the most fashionable dance of society, takes second place to the waltz and the two-step.

1917 Ferdinand "Jelly Roll" Morton pubs the jazz composition "Jelly Roll Blues."

1917 George M. Cohan writes the WWI song "Over There" for which Congress honors him in 1940.

By 1920 another form of jazz, the slow melancholy blues, overtook ragtime in popularity. W. C. (William Christopher) Handy composed by far the most popular songs of the type, including "Memphis Blues" (1912) and "St. Louis Blues" (1914).

The popular dance known as the Shimmy made its national appearance in 1919 and the Charleston was spread by professional dancers around 1920, (1st qtr. 1915-1922).

[investigate these dances; Argentine Tango, hesitation waltz, bunny-hug, fox trot and turkey trot]

1912Carl Laemmle founds Universal Pictures Co.

By 1912 about 5 million people a day visit the cinema

1913 the Paramount and the first Charlie Chaplin movies

1913 Attendance at motion-picture theaters reaches 5 mil daily.

1913 Hollywood becomes the center of the motion-picture industry, replacing NYC

1915 Griffith directs the 3-hour spectacle "The Birth of a Nation," starring actress Lillian Gish. The film, known for its music and authentic set and costume design, is based on Dixon's "The Clansman."

1915 William Fox founds the fox Film Co., which eventually evolves into Twentieth-Century Fox.

1915 The first motion picture serials (e.g. The Perils of Pauline) appear.

9. Entertainment  1902 Physical Cycle top    

9. Entertainment  1902 Emotional Cycle top    

9. Entertainment  1902 Intellectual Cycle top    

Intellectual 1st Qtr. Foundation (1907 - 1915)

1919 The will Augustus D. Juilliard, banker and industrialist, authorizes the founding of the Juilliard School of Music in NY, now one of the most prominent music schools in the world.

The Cleveland Playhouse was started in 1915. In 1921 it became the first resident professional playhouse in the U.S.

9. Entertainment  1902 Polyrhythms top    

spacer spacer spacer spacer
top arrow grey down arrow transparent     drop down to navigate category in other decades:     arrow grey down arrow transparent
      prev. next        

1913 In first Army-Notre Dame football fame, little-known Notre Dame defeats Army by using the forward pass. This victory helps popularize the game by showing that a small, clever team can beat a large, powerful one.

1914 Jack Dempsey start fighting under the name "Kid Blackey"

1916 Women's International Bowling C established

10. Sports  1902 Physical Cycle top    

 

Physical 1st Qtr. Foundation (1915 - 1922)

1916 PGA formed

1916 First professional golf tournament held at Bronxville, NY, by the Professional Golfers' Assoc. formed earlier in the year.

1916 First permanent annual Rose Bowl game is held between Washington State College and Brown U.; Wash. St. wins 14 to 0. In 1923, this game is officially called "Rose Bowl Game."

1919 Babe Ruth hits a 587-foot home run in a Boston Red Sox versus NY Giants game at Tampa, Fla.

1919 Development of mechanical rabbit by Oliver Smith, of Ca, marks origin of modern greyhound racing.

1919 Babe Ruth hits a 587-foot home run in a game between the Boston Red Sox and the NY Giants in Tampa.

1919 Jack Dempsey becomes the world heavy-weight boxing champion when he defeats Jess Willard in Toledo, Ohio.

10. Sports  1902 Emotional Cycle top    

Emotional Upward Crossover (March 21, 1919- March 21, 1920)

1920 Eight Chicago White Sox are indicted for the 1919 World Series Fix.

1919 "Black Sox" bribery scandal rocks baseball.

10. Sports  1902 Intellectual Cycle top    

10. Sports  1902 Polyrhythms top    

spacer spacer spacer spacer
top arrow grey down arrow transparent     drop down to navigate category in other decades:     arrow grey down arrow transparent
      prev. next        

11. Fashion  1902 Physical Cycle top    

11. Fashion  1902 Emotional Cycle top    

11. Fashion  1902 Intellectual Cycle top    

11. Fashion  1902 Polyrhythms top    

spacer spacer spacer spacer
top arrow grey down arrow transparent     drop down to navigate category in other decades:     arrow grey down arrow transparent
      prev. next        

1910 pop US almost 10 million

1918 [yep, 1918] total population in US 103.5 mil.

 1910 the "weekend" becomes popular in US

1912 The S.S. Titanic sinks on her maiden voyage after colliding with an iceberg; 1,513 drowned.

Almost 10.5 million immigrants entered US from southern and eastern Europe in period 1905-1914

1912 "Life" magazine lists the slang expression of the year: "flossy; beat it!; peeced; sure!; classy; It's a cinch; What do know about that?; fussed; speedy; peachy; nutty; getting your goat."

1916 Margaret Sanger joins in opening first birth control clinic [where? US?]

12. Lifestyles  1902 Physical Cycle top    

 

Physical 1st Qtr. Foundation (1915 - 1922)

12. Lifestyles  1902 Emotional Cycle top    

12. Lifestyles  1902 Intellectual Cycle top    

12. Lifestyles  1902 Polyrhythms top    

Physical High with
Emotional Upward Crossover
(March 21, 1919- March 21, 1920)

The "one hundred per cent Americans" of 1919-20 were note content to fight Reds, Parlor Pinks, Democrats, supporters of the League of Nations, and friends of England and France. Intellectuals, especially professors, attracted a good part of their hostility. The colleges and universities were accused of being hotbeds of sedition by Vice President Coolidge in a series of articles in "The Delineator" (1921); but next year Upton Sinclair in the "The Goose Step" presented the same institutions as centers of reaction, literary annexes to Wall Street!

Hate mongers exacerbated the northward move of African Americans from the south to work in war industries. They were resented by white workers and more so by immigrants. Bloody riots ensued such as the one in East St. Louis where in 1917, 47 died, most of whom were African American, and hundreds more were wounded. When President Wilson returned from Paris in July of 1919, there was one of the biggest race riots in history held in the capital city. Thousands of troops were summoned to assist police. Six people died. In that same month, a three-day race riot took place in Chicago were 36 people lost their lives. Other riots took place that year in New York, Omaha and the South. Many were against African American veterans who fought for their freedom abroad, and were now standing up for it at home by demanding their rights as citizens.

1919 race riots in Chicago.

spacer spacer spacer spacer
top arrow grey down arrow transparent     drop down to navigate category in other decades:     arrow grey down arrow transparent
      prev. next        

...

============

top